Analgesia - C. Stein (Springer, 2007) WW.pdf

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Handbook of
Experimental Pharmacology
Volume 177
Editor-in-Chief
K.Starke,Freiburgi.Br.
Editorial Board
G.V.R. Born, London
S. Duckles, Irvine, CA
M. Eichelbaum, Stuttgart
D. Ganten, Berlin
F. Hofmann, München
W. Ro s e nt h a l , B e r l i n
G. Rubanyi, San Diego, CA
Analgesia
Contributors
F. Benedetti, K. Brune, A.H. Dickenson, M. Diers, H. Flor,
J. Ghandehari, P.J. Goadsby, R.G. Hill, B. Hinz, R.-R. Ji,
Y. Kawasaki, I.J. Lever, M. Maze, V. Neugebauer, K.R. Oliver,
A.S.C.Rice,R.D.Sanders,J.Sawynok,H.G.Schaible,C.Stein,
G.R. Strichartz, Y.-R. Wen, J.N. Wood, F. Yanagidate, Y. Zhang,
Z.-Y. Zhuang, C. Z ¨ ollner
Editor
Christoph Stein
123
Prof. Dr. Christoph Stein
Department of Anesthesiology
and Critical Care Medicine
Charit´e – Campus Benjamin Franklin
Free University Berlin
Hindenburgdamm 30
12200 Berlin
Germany
Email: christoph.stein@charite.de
With 24 Figures and 8 Tables
ISSN 0171-2004
ISBN-10 3-540-33822-5 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York
ISBN-13 978-3-540-33822-2 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York
This work is subject to copyright. All rights reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is
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Editor: Simon Rallison, London
Desk Editor: Susanne Dathe, Heidelberg
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Typesetting and production: LE-T E XJelonek,Schmidt&VöcklerGbR,Leipzig,Germany
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Preface
Analgesics are among the oldest drugs described, albeit not necessarily for
medicinal use. For example, the Sumerians isolated opioids (probably for their
euphoric effects) in the third millennium b.c. and the use of willow bark
(salicin) for fever was first reported in the eighteenth century. Both types of
drugs are still in use, but today they are supplemented by a wide array of
substances ranging from antidepressants to ion channel blockers. Not all of
these are prescribed by physicians. Many compounds are sold over the counter
and thus available to the public for self-medication. As a result, analgesics are
also the most misused class of drugs and are the culprit for a multitude of
health problems due to untoward side effects.
This volume attempts to summarize the current state of knowledge on mech-
anisms underlying the various effects of these drugs, their side effect profiles,
and their indications and contraindications in clinical use. It also gives in-
sights into current efforts to discover novel mechanisms underlying different
types of pain generation and the resulting development of new modulating
compounds. These efforts have emerged mostly as a consequence of the more
profound insights provided by molecular methods and of the now common
use of animal models of pathological, rather than physiological, pain. These
important issues are elaborated in the introductory chapter. In parallel, con-
temporary interdisciplinary treatment approaches have taught us that somatic
mechanisms alone cannot explain pain; it is an experience shaped as well by
social context, memory, and other psychological phenomena. Thus, the book
closes with two chapters putting pharmacological strategies into a broader
perspective. All of these advancements culminate in the contemporary com-
mon goal of developing mechanism-based rather than empiric approaches to
the treatment of pain.
I would like to express my sincere gratitude to Susanne Dathe at Springer
and to all authors for their hard work, patience, continuous support, and
enthusiasm for this project.
Berlin,
C. Stein
June 2006

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