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Pictorial Glossary
Click on a term to go directly to the definition
AC Drive
American National
Standards Institute
(ANSI)
(AWG)
Ammeter
Ampacity
Arc Fault
Arc Fault Circuit
(BCD)
Binary Number
Bit
Bonding
Bus
Byte
Switch
Circuit Breaker
Contactor
Delta
Diode
Duty Cycle
Electrically Erasable
Memory (EEPROM)
Read Only Memory
(EPROM)
Farad
Feedback
Feeder
Fuse
German Institute for
Ground
Interrupter (GFCI)
Switch
Breaker
Transistor (IGBT)
Insulator
International
Electrotechnical
International Organization
(LAN)
Circuit Breaker
MCM
Breaker
National Electrical
(NEMA)
(NEC)
Association (NFPA)
Ohm
Overcurrent
Panelboard
Switch
Pilot Light
Controller (PLC)
Proportional Integral
(PWM)
(RAM)
Reactance
Device (RTD)
Value
Rotor
© Siemens Energy & Automation, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Siemens is a trademark of Siemens AG. Other names mentioned may
be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies.
Pictorial Glossary
The pictorial glossary includes definitions and illustrations for
many terms that are frequently used in the electrical industry.
Terms that are underlined and italicized are included in the
glossary as a separate definition.
AC Drive
An electronic device used to control the speed of an AC motor .
Also called a variable frequency drive and an inverter . The term
variable speed drive applies to both AC Drives and DC Drives .
PE
L1 L2/N L3
FN
P
JOG
1 2
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
SINAMICS G110 AC Drives
AC Motor
A motor that uses alternating current to convert electrical
energy into mechanical energy. Many AC motors used in
industrial applications are three-phase induction motors.
Alternating Current (AC)
Current that periodically reverses direction.
Maximum Current
in Positive Direction
Maximum Current
in Negative Direction
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Ambient Temperature
The temperature of the medium (air, water, etc.) surrounding a
device.
American National A nongovernmental organization that promotes and coordinates
Standards Institute (ANSI) the development of standards and accredits the procedures of
other organizations that develop standards.
American Wire Gauge
A common method of specifying wire size (cross-sectional
(AWG)
area). Larger numbers represent smaller wires. After AWG No.
, the largest sizes are AWG No. 0, AWG No. 00, AWG No. 000,
and AWG 0000. AWG No. 0 is called one-aught, AWG No. 00 is
called two-aught, etc.
Ammeter
A meter designed to measure current .
Ampacity
The continuous current rating in amperes for a conductor.
Ampere, Amp
The basic unit for current . An ampere, also called an amp, is
equal to a current of Coulomb per second. The symbol for
ampere is “A.”
Amplitude
The total variation of a waveform. Amplitude can be expressed
as a peak value, peak-to-peak value, or effective value .
+
Peak Value
Peak-to-Peak Value
0
Time
Peak Value
-
Analog
A value that is continuously variable. Also used to describe
circuits that work with analog signals.
Analog Input
An input to a system that can continuously vary over a range of
current or voltage such as 4 to 0 milliamps or 0 to 0 volts.
Common Analog Values
0 to 10 VDC
4 to 20 mA
Load Cell
Sensor
Transmitter
Controller
Analog Input
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Analog Output
An output from a system that can continuously vary over a
range of current or voltage such as 4 to 0 milliamps or 0 to 0
volts.
Common Analog Values
0 to 10 VDC
4 to 20 mA
Meter
Controller
Analog Output
Transducer Transmitter
Apparent Power
The vector sum of true power and reactive power . Apparent
power is calculated by multiplying current times voltage . The
unit for apparent power is the volt-ampere, abbreviated “VA.”
Phase Angle
True Power in Watts (W)
Arc Chute Assembly
An assembly of metal plates surrounding circuit breaker or
contactor contacts. Arc chutes are used to reduce contact
damage by quickly extinguishing the arc created when contacts
open.
Arc Chute Assembly
Arc Quenched by
Arc Chute Assembly
Arc Fault
An electrical arc which causes current to flow in unintended
ways, but often not in sufficient amounts to cause a standard
circuit breaker to trip. Arc faults result from worn or damaged
insulation and are a common cause of fires.
287115300.009.png
Arc Fault Circuit
A circuit breaker designed to provide protection from the
Interrupter (AFCI)
effects of an arc fault by recognizing the characteristics
unique to arcing and de-energizing the circuit when an arc
fault is detected. The most effective AFCI circuit breakers are
combination AFCIs which provide protection against all three
known types of arc faults.
Last Known
Trip Condition
LED A
LED Indicator
TYPE
QAFH
ARC
FAULT
GND
40 C
LED (A) LED (B)
OFF
LED B
HACR
Circuit Breaker
Combination Ty
AFC
AFCI O
Interrupting Rating
22kA 120V
Max. RMS Sym.
50/60 Hz
SWD
15
OFF
Overcurrent
ON
OFF
Arc Fault
Test
Button
TEST
Arc Fault to
Ground
10707150001
ON
ON
Siemens Combination AFCI
Circuit Breaker
Autotransformer
A type of transformer in which the secondary coil is part of the
primary coil. Often the secondary voltage is adjustable via a
movable tap.
Full Voltage
Reduced Voltage
Binary-Coded Decimal
Usually refers to the 8-4-- code where four bits are used to
(BCD)
represent decimal digits 0 through 9.
0 2 0 5
Decimal BCD
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0000
0001
0010
0011
0100
0101
0110
0111
1000
1001
0000 0010 0000 0101
Binary Number
A number made up only of ’s and 0’s that represent powers
of two (). Digital equipment uses binary numbers to represent
numerical values and the on or off condition of devices.
Most Significant Bit (MSB)
Least Significant Bit (LSB)
Power of 2
2 7
2 6
2 5
2 4
2 3
2 2
2 1
2 0
Decimal
128
64
32
16
8
4
2
1
Binary
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
10010010 in Binary = 146 in Decimal
4
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