Psychology_of_Intelligence_Analysis.pdf

Richards J. Heuer, Jr.

CENTER for the STUDY of INTELLIGENCE

Central Intelligence Agency

1999

his book was prepared primarily for the use of US Government oicials,

and the format, coverage, and content were designed to meet their spe-

ciic requirements.

Because this book is now out of print, this Portable Document File (PDF)

is formatted for two-sided printing to facilitate desktop publishing. It

may be used by US Government agencies to make copies for govern-

ment purposes and by non-governmental organizations to make copies

for educational purposes. Because this book may be subject to copyright

restriction, copies may not be made for any commercial purpose.

his book will be available at www.odci.gov/csi.

All statements of fact, opinion, or analysis expressed in the main text

of this book are those of the author. Similarly, all such statements in

the Forward and the Introduction are those of the respective authors

of those sections. Such statements of fact, opinion, or analysis do

not necessarily relect the oicial positions or views of the Central

Intelligence Agency or any other component of the US Intelligence

Community. Nothing in the contents of this book should be con-

strued as asserting or implying US Government endorsement of fac-

tual statements or interpretations.

ISBN 1 929667-00-0

Originally published in 1999.

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