Antimony.pdf

ANTI

MONY:

ITS HISTORY, CHEMISTRY, MINERALOGY, GEOLOGY,

METALLURGY, USES, PREPARATIONS, ANALYSIS,

PRODUCTION, AND VALUATION; WITH

COMPLETE BIBLIOGRAPHIES.

FOR STUDENTS, MANUFACTURERS, AND

USERS OF ANTIMONY.

CHUNG YU WANG, M.A., B.Sc.,

ME 51. AM. INST. M.K.; MEM. IKON AND STEEL I2.&T. ;

MINING ENGINEER. TO THE CHUNG LOU GENERAL MINING Co. ;

MINING ENGINEER AND METALLURGIST TO THE WAH CHANG MINING AXD SMELTING GO.

GEOLOGIST FOR THE HUNAN PROVINCE; GENEllAL CONSULTING JiSGlXKER, V.'£C.

TOlitb numerous

SECOND EDITION.

LONDON:

CHARLES GEIFFIN & COMPANY, LIMITED,

EXETER STREET, STRAND, W.C. 2.

1919.

PROFESSOR JAMES FURMAN KEMP

(COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY)

UNDER WHOSE GUIDANCE THE AUTHOR HAS LEARNED

THE VALUE AND METHODS OF SCIENTIFIC

RESEARCH

ttbts-Booft is S>e&icate&,

AS A TOKEN OF GRATITUDE.

PREFACE.

A METALLURGICAL work in English by a Chinese author is unusual ;

but long residence in America, and in England and other parts of

Europe, and much study of English literature, have familiarised

me with the language, and have encouraged me to make it the

medium for presenting my work to the English-speaking public :

and I desire to express my thanks to Messrs Charles Griffin & Co.

for the opportunity they have afforded me of doing so.

My researches concerning Antimony have extended over several

years, and I would express my thanks to Professor Kemp, of Columbia

University, for his valuable guidance.

References to Antimony are scattered through the technical litera-

ture of many languages, and the subject is dealt with in general

treatises on metallurgy. There does not, however, appear to be

any English text-book devoted to its special consideration, and

foreign works on this subject are not readily accessible to English

readers, who have had to content themselves with the necessarily

condensed notes in the standard work on metallurgy by Phillips

and Bauerman, and Professor Louis' translation of Carl SchnabeVs

work. These, although valuable, do not claim to be exhaustive, and

the modern volatilisation process naturally finds but little mention.

It seems likely, however, to become the sole process by which the

poorer classes of antimony ores can be economically treated ; and as

these ores are of rapidly growing importance, possibly as a result

of the exhaustion of the richer grades of ore, a description of the

process is of importance.

It has been my privilege to carry out practical tests of the

volatilisation process patented by Mons. H. Herrenschmidt, and the

results are incorporated in this book. I am also greatly indebted to

that gentleman for kindly reading through the greater part of

my MS., especially the chapter on the Metallurgy of Antimony.

Till PREFACE

Invaluable suggestions resulting from his many years 7 experience in

antimony smelting were freely given and -jladly received.

I also desire" gratefully to aeknowlodge the assistance derived

from the consideration of articles which have appeared in the

technical press* and especially from the study of the following

works:—Friedheim's Hnudhurh der anorrianischen Chemie, Abegg's

ffandbuch der anoryinizcken Chemie. Moissan's Trade de Chimit

Min^rale, and Frciuy's Encydoptdie Chimique. The chapter on the

Chemistry of Antimony is "based on these studies. Beringer's Text-

Ujoh of Assaying and Parry's Assay of Tin and Antimony have like-

wise proved serviceable in dealing with the Analysis of Antimony.

My brother, Dr C. H. Wang, has kindly seen this work through

the pres-s as my duties in Hunan necessitated my return to China.

In conclusion. I venture to hope that the arrangement and co-

ordination of the very scattered records of the results of other

people's work oiriWiiM in the pr^ent volume may prove of service

to metallurgical students, to manufacturer.a, and to users of

antimony.

C. Y. WANG.

LONDON. M'lich l£ly. [Reprint.]

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

CHAPTER I.

PAGES

THE HISTORY OF ANTIMONY .

1-5

Bibliography

CHAPTER II.

THK CHEMISTRY OF ANTIMONY

6-33

Bibliography

CHAPTER III.

THE MINERALOGY OF ANTIMONY

- 35-44

Bibliography

44-45

CHAPTER IV.

THE GEOLOGICAL OCCURRENCE OF ANTIMONY ORES

46-57

Bibliography

58-65

CHAPTER Y.

THE METALLURGY OF ANTIMONY

. • .

. 66-137

Bibliography

137-144

CHAPTER VI.

THE ANTIMONY PREPARATIONS AND THEIR USES .

. 145-174

Bibliogiaphy

174-177

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