BridgeEng07-StructSystems.pdf

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Microsoft PowerPoint - BridgeEng07-StructSystems

BRIDGES

Bridge Structural Systems

Bridge Structural Systems

Marek Salamak

Christian Menn Bridge, Switzerland

Silesian University of Technology

Department of Roads and Bridges

07 Ï BRIDGES

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Department of Roads and Bridges

Today Agenda

£

Beam bridges

¡

Simples, continuous, cantilevers, suspended

£

Rigid frame bridges

¡

Right, inclined, integral

£

Arch bridges

¡

Hingless, hinged, tied, spandrel

Marek Salamak 2/37

£

Arch bridges

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Department of Roads and Bridges

Bridge Structural Systems

Structural Systems

£

Beam bridges

¡

A number of beams (or only one) are placed side by side

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Rigid frame bridges

¡

Superstructure integrated with substructure

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Arch bridges

¡

The arch is a structure that resists load mainly in axial

compression

compression

£

Truss bridges

¡

Truss bar members theoretically considered to be connected

with pins at their ends to form triangles

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Cable-stayed bridges

¡

The girders are supported by cables which stem directly from

the tower

£

Suspension bridges

¡

The girders are suspended by hangers tied to the main cables

which hang from the towers

Marek Salamak 3/23

Bridge

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Department of Roads and Bridges

Beam Bridges

£

Beam bridge is the most common and most basic bridge

¡

A beam bridge consists of a horizontal girder supported at each end by piers

¡

The weight of the beam pushes straight down on the piers

£

A log across a creek is an example of a simplest girder bridge form

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The beam itself must be strong so that it doesn't bend

¡

under its own weight and

¡

the added weight of crossing traffic

Marek Salamak 4/37

£

The beam itself must be strong so that it doesn't bend

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Department of Roads and Bridges

Beam Bridges Ï Compression and Tension

Compression and Tension

£

When a load pushes down on the beam

¡

The beam's top edge is pushed together (compression)

¡

While the bottom edge is stretched (tension)

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Reinforced concrete is an ideal material for beam bridge

¡

¡

The concrete withstands the forces of compression well

¡

And the steel rods imbedded within resist the forces of tension

£

The height of the beam controls the distance that the beam can span

¡

By increasing the height of the beam, it has more material to dissipate the tension

Marek Salamak 5/37

Beam Bridges

The concrete withstands the forces of compression well

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