MCRP 3-37C Flame, Riot Contol Agents and Herbicide Ops.pdf

MCRP 3-37C

FM 3-11

Flame, Riot Control Agents

and Herbicide Operations

U.S. Marine Corps

PCN 144 000012 00

CHAPTER 1

U.S. Policy for

Flame,

Riot Control Agents

and

Herbicides

Policy govering US policy for RCA and herbicides is found in Executive Order 11850

dated 8 Apr 75, Renunciation of Certain Uses in War of Chemicals, Herbicides, and

Riot Control Agents.

WARTIME USE

The US has renounced first use of herbicides in war except under regulations applicable

to domestic use or for control of vegetation within US bases and installations and around

their immediate perimeters.

The US has renounced the first use of RCAs in war. US forces will only use RCAs in war

in defensive modes to save lives as approved by the President.

In wartime, use of RCAs outside the war zone is authorized as prescribed for peacetime.

For RCA and herbicide use, war is any period of armed conflict no matter how it may be

characterized, including declared and undeclared war, counterinsurgency, and any other

uses of armed forces in engagements between US military forces and foreign military or

paramilitary forces. Armed conflict is conflict between states in which at least one party

has resorted to the use of armed force to achieve its aims. It also may involve conflict

between a state and uniformed or non-uniformed groups within that state, such as

organized resistance groups.

Commanders must recognize that, while the US does not consider herbicides and riot

control agents to be chemical weapons, some other countries do not draw a distinction.

Commanders must consider international ramifications and Rules of Engagement before

recommending the use of herbicides or RCAs.

PEACETIME USE

The Secretary of the Army, as Executive Agent for the Department of Defense for civil

disturbance operations, has issued instructions governing the use of RCAs in civil

disturbances in the US, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and US possessions and

territories.

RCAs may be used on US bases, posts, embassy grounds, and installations for protection

and security purposes, riot control, installation security, and evacuation of US

noncombatants and foreign nationals. The US-controlled portions of foreign installations

are considered US installations.

Chemical aerosol-irritant projectors may be used by military law enforcement personnel

for the performance of law enforcement activities. They may be used--

• On-base and off-base in the United States and its territories and possessions.

• On-base overseas and off-base overseas in those countries where such use is

specifically authorized by the host-country government.

RCAs may be used off-base (worldwide) for the protection or recovery of nuclear

weapons under the same conditions as those authorized for the use of lethal force. (See

DOD Directive 5210.56.)

CONTENTS

Wartime Use

Peacetime Use

Authority

Weapons Employing Fire

RCAs may be used in training. A review of current treaties and/or Status-of-Forces

Agreements between the host country and US forces may be required in determining

whether or not training with RCAs is authorized overseas.

Herbicides may be used within US bases, posts, and installations for control of

vegetation. Use of herbicides off-base overseas must be in accordance with host country

laws and agreements, US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) requirements, or

Service regulations, whichever are the most stringent.

AUTHORITY

Only the President may authorize the following:

• Use of RCAs in war, including defensive military modes. However, advance

authority to use RCAs for protection or recovery of nuclear weapons has been

delegated to the Secretary of the Defense.

• Wartime use of herbicides, including installation vegetation control.

The Secretary of Defense may authorize the following:

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