Linux Kernel Development Second Edition.pdf

Linux Kernel Development Second Edition

By Robert Love

Publisher

: Sams Publishing

Pub Date

: January 12, 2005

ISBN

: 0-672-32720-1

• Table of

Contents

• Index

Pages

: 432

The Linux kernel is one of the most interesting yet least understood

open-source projects. It is also a basis for developing new kernel code.

That is why Sams is excited to bring you the latest Linux kernel

development information from a Novell insider in the second edition of

Linux Kernel Development . This authoritative, practical guide will help

you better understand the Linux kernel through updated coverage of all

the major subsystems, new features associated with Linux 2.6 kernel and

insider information on not-yet-released developments. You'll be able to

take an in-depth look at Linux kernel from both a theoretical and an

applied perspective as you cover a wide range of topics, including

algorithms, system call interface, paging strategies and kernel

synchronization. Get the top information right from the source in Linux

Kernel Development .

Linux Kernel Development Second Edition

By Robert Love

Publisher

: Sams Publishing

Pub Date

: January 12, 2005

ISBN

: 0-672-32720-1

• Table of

Contents

• Index

Pages

: 432

Foreword

Preface

So Here We Are

Kernel Version

Audience

Book Website

Second Edition Acknowledgments

About the Author

We Want to Hear from You!

Reader Services

Chapter 1. Introduction to the Linux Kernel

Along Came Linus: Introduction to Linux

Overview of Operating Systems and Kernels

Linux Versus Classic Unix Kernels

Linux Kernel Versions

The Linux Kernel Development Community

Before We Begin

Chapter 2. Getting Started with the Kernel

Obtaining the Kernel Source

The Kernel Source Tree

Building the Kernel

A Beast of a Different Nature

So Here We Are

Chapter 3. Process Management

Process Descriptor and the Task Structure

Process Creation

The Linux Implementation of Threads

Process Termination

Process Wrap Up

Chapter 4. Process Scheduling

Policy

The Linux Scheduling Algorithm

Preemption and Context Switching

Real-Time

Scheduler-Related System Calls

Scheduler Finale

Chapter 5. System Calls

APIs, POSIX, and the C Library

Syscalls

System Call Handler

System Call Implementation

System Call Context

System Calls in Conclusion

Chapter 6. Interrupts and Interrupt Handlers

Interrupts

Interrupt Handlers

Registering an Interrupt Handler

Writing an Interrupt Handler

Interrupt Context

Implementation of Interrupt Handling

Interrupt Contro l

Don't Interrupt Me; We're Almost Done!

Chapter 7. Bottom Halves and Deferring Work

Bottom Halves

Softirqs

Tasklets

Work Queues

Which Bottom Half Should I Use?

Locking Between the Bottom Halves

The Bottom of Bottom-Half Processing

Endnotes

Chapter 8. Kernel Synchronization Introduction

Critical Regions and Race Conditions

Locking

Deadlocks

Contention and Scalability

Locking and Your Code

Chapter 9. Kernel Synchronization Methods

Atomic Operations

Spin Locks

Reader-Writer Spin Locks

Semaphores

Reader-Writer Semaphores

Spin Locks Versus Semaphores

Completion Variables

BKL: The Big Kernel Lock

Preemption Disabling

Ordering and Barriers

Synchronization Summarization

Chapter 10. Timers and Time Management

Kernel Notion of Time

The Tick Rate: HZ

Jiffies

Hardware Clocks and Timers

The Timer Interrupt Handler

The Time of Day

Timers

Delaying Execution

Out of Time

Chapter 11. Memory Management

Pages

Zones

Getting Pages

kmalloc()

vmalloc()

Slab Layer

Slab Allocator Interface

Statically Allocating on the Stack

High Memory Mappings

Per-CPU Allocations

The New percpu Interface

Reasons for Using Per-CPU Data

Which Allocation Method Should I Use?

Chapter 12. The Virtual Filesystem

Common Filesystem Interface

Filesystem Abstraction Layer

Unix Filesystems

VFS Objects and Their Data Structures

The Superblock Object

The Inode Object

The Dentry Object

The File Object

Data Structures Associated with Filesystems

Data Structures Associated with a Process

Filesystems in Linux

Chapter 13. The Block I/O Layer

Anatomy of a Block Device

Buffers and Buffer Heads

The bio structure

Request Queues

I/O Schedulers

Summary

Chapter 14. The Process Address Space

The Memory Descriptor

Memory Areas

Manipulating Memory Areas

mmap() and do_mmap(): Creating an Address Interval

munmap() and do_munmap(): Removing an Address Interval

Page Tables

Conclusion

Chapter 15. The Page Cache and Page Writeback

Page Cache

Radix Tree

The Buffer Cache

The pdflush Daemon

To Make a Long Story Short

Chapter 16. Modules

Hello, World!

Building Modules

Installing Modules

Generating Module Dependencies

Loading Modules

Managing Configuration Options

Module Parameters

Exported Symbols

Wrapping Up Modules

Chapter 17. kobjects and sysfs

kobjects

ktypes

ksets

Subsystems

Structure Confusion

Managing and Manipulating kobjects

Reference Counts

sysfs

The Kernel Events Layer

kobjects and sysfs in a Nutshel l

Chapter 18. Debugging

What You Need to Start

Bugs in the Kerne l

printk()

Oops

Kernel Debugging Options

Asserting Bugs and Dumping Information

Magic SysRq Key

The Saga of a Kernel Debugger

Poking and Probing the System

Binary Searching to Find the Culprit Change

When All Else Fails: The Community

Chapter 19. Portability

History of Portability in Linux

Word Size and Data Types

Data Alignment

Byte Order

Time

Page Size

Processor Ordering

SMP, Kernel Preemption, and High Memory

Endnotes

Chapter 20. Patches, Hacking, and the Community

The Community

Linux Coding Style

Chain of Command

Submitting Bug Reports

Generating Patches

Submitting Patches

Conclusion

Appendix A. Linked Lists

Circular Linked Lists

The Linux Kernel's Implementation

Manipulating Linked Lists

Traversing Linked Lists

Appendix B. Kernel Random Number Generator

Design and Implementation

Interfaces to Input Entropy

Interfaces to Output Entropy

Appendix C. Algorithmic Complexity

Algorithms

Big-O Notation

Big Theta Notation

Putting It All Together

Perils of Time Complexity

Bibliography and Reading List

Books on Operating System Design

Books on Unix Kernels

Books on Linux Kernels

Books on Other Kernels

Books on the Unix API

Books on the C Programming Language

Other Works

Websites

Index

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