Electricity_6.4.5 Science Level 6.pdf
(
6455 KB
)
Pobierz
Scott Foresman Reading Street
Suggested levels for Guided Reading, DRA,
™
Lexile,
®
and Reading Recovery
™
are provided
in the Pearson Scott Foresman Leveling Guide.
Physical Science
Electricity
Genre
Comprehension
Skills and Strategy
Text Features
Expository
non ction
• Author’s Purpose
• Main Idea and
Details
• Monitor and Fix up
• Charts
• Diagrams
• Captions
• Table of Contents
Scott Foresman Reading Street 6.4.5
ì<(sk$m)=bdgeja< +^-Ä-U-Ä-U
ISBN 0-328-13649-2
by Donna Latham
Vocabulary
convert
devise
Electricity
efficiency
generate
percentage
by Donna Latham
proclaim
reproduce
transmitted
Word count: 2,416
Note: The total word count includes words in the running text and headings only.
Numerals and words in chapter titles, captions, labels, diagrams, charts, graphs,
sidebars, and extra features are not included.
Editorial Offices: Glenview, Illinois Parsippany, New Jersey New York, New York
Sales Offices: Needham, Massachusetts Duluth, Georgia Glenview, Illinois
Coppell, Texas Ontario, California Mesa, Arizona
CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1
4
What is electricity?
CHAPTER 2
7
Early Discoveries
and Inventions
CHAPTER 3
10
The Age of Electricity
Every effort has been made to secure permission and provide appropriate credit for
photographic material. The publisher deeply regrets any omission and pledges to
correct errors called to its attention in subsequent editions.
CHAPTER 4
18
Electricity’s Costs
Unless otherwise acknowledged, all photographs are the property of Scott Foresman,
a division of Pearson Education.
Photo locators denoted as follows: Top (T), Center (C), Bottom (B), Left (L), Right (R),
Background (Bkgd)
Glossary
24
Illustrations by Jonathan Massie
Opener: 1 Corbis; 3 (L) DK Images, (BR) ©Comstock Inc.; 4 ©DK Images; 5 Corbis; 6
(TL) ©DK Images, (CL) Bettman/Corbis; 8 (TL) Photo Researchers, Inc., (B) The Science
Museum/DK Images; 9 (CL) Getty Images, (B) Corbis; 10 ©DK Images; 11 ©Comstock
Inc.; 14 (TC) © Stockbyte, (CR) Getty Images; 16 (T) Steve Niedorf Photography /Getty
Images, (CL) Getty Images; 17 Ulrike Welsch/PhotoEdit; 20 Getty Images; 21 (C, CR)
Brand X Pictures, (TR, BR) Getty Images; 23 Getty Images
ISBN: 0-328-13649-2
Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc.
All Rights Reserved. Printed in China. This publication is protected by Copyright,
and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited
reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form by any
means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. For information
regarding permission(s), write to: Permissions Department, Scott Foresman, 1900 East
Lake Avenue, Glenview, Illinois 60025.
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 V0H3 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06
3
Chapter 1:
What is electricity?
Electricity in Nature, in the Body, and in Animals
What do you think of when you see the word
electricity
? Maybe you think of an electric guitar. Many
of us focus on the appliances that we use each day.
But electricity is much more than the cooking stoves,
computers, and refrigerators we depend on. In fact,
electricity is a major force in the universe.
Electricity is present in nature, in our bodies, and
in animals. For example, if you have seen a fierce
lightning storm, you have witnessed
electricity in nature. These dramatic bursts
of light in the sky are actually gigantic
flashes of static electricity.
In our bodies, tiny electrical signals
travel through our nerves. We depend on
these signals to carry information to our
brains so that we can breathe, see, hear,
and move. These signals even tell our
hearts to beat.
In the animal world, the electric
eel is one of about forty species of fish
that can give off electricity. The electric
eel can produce 650 volts of electricity.
With electric pulses, it can find and stun
its prey in murky waters. It can also send
signals to other eels.
The static ball and the bolt of lightning are
both examples of static electricity.
4
5
Chapter 2:
Early Discoveries and Inventions
Dr. William Gilbert (1544–1603)
found that some materials, such
as amber or glass, attract feathers
when rubbed against something.
There are many historic people who have helped us to
understand electricity. Here are a few who made some very
important contributions.
Dr. William Gilbert (1544 –1603) is often considered the
father of electrical studies. Dr. Gilbert was the physician to
Queen Elizabeth I of England. He first used the word
electric
. He
found that objects, such as glass, beeswax, and amber, attracted
feathers and other lightweight objects when they were rubbed
against something. Though he didn’t realize it, the materials
Gilbert was working with were good conductors of static
electricity.
Many years later, a famous American would also
work with static electricity.
In his famous experiment, Benjamin Franklin flew a kite with
a key attached to the string during a thunderstorm. The kite and
its string became charged with electricity and Franklin was able
to make a spark fly from the key to his knuckle.
Franklin helped to prove that lightning was actually a large
spark of electricity. He could now
proclaim
that storm clouds
were electrically charged.
Today we know that this experiment was extremely
dangerous. Franklin might have been killed if his kite had been
struck by lightning directly. You should never attempt this
experiment yourself.
Based on his experiments, Franklin was able to
devise
the lightning rod. Lightning rods are attached to the tops of
buildings where lightning is most likely to strike. When it does,
the electrical charge is conducted to the ground. The building
is safe.
Benjamin Franklin experimented with
electricity using a kite on a stormy day.
6
7
Plik z chomika:
kolo_s
Inne pliki z tego folderu:
ELL Reader-Social Studies_Level 6 Scott Foresman Reading Street (2).zip
(112676 KB)
Electricity_6.4.5 Science Level 6.pdf
(6455 KB)
ELL Reader-Social Studies_Level 6 Scott Foresman Reading Street (1).zip
(126793 KB)
ELL Reader-Science_Level 6 Scott Foresman Reading Street (1)(1).zip
(82481 KB)
ELL Reader-Science_Level 6 Scott Foresman Reading Street (1).zip
(82481 KB)
Inne foldery tego chomika:
Level 5
Zgłoś jeśli
naruszono regulamin