New Vanguard - 038 - American Civil War Artillery 1861-65 - Field Artillery.pdf - 001-100 - cac666

American Civil War

Artillery 1861-65 (1)

Field Artillery

PHILIP KATCHER I",".nd

worb in P1tnnsvtvanl. USA,

and h.a. written _ 20 tlUes

in the Men-.l-Ann. Mrles

Including thot hlgftly wc:cenM

ti¥e-¥ONme Nt on Armlet

01 the ~ Civil W.r.

TONY BRYAN" • freelanoa

iUustl'llltor 01 m.1!'Y yUrt

e~~. H<t 'nitl.11y

qu;ol,l'"ted In Engi....ring

and woriled lor a "",mbe!'"

of YNI1I In MUllary ReN.rc:h

and Developmenl. Tony hal

a kIMn interest In mlll,-ry

hardware _ armor, .mall

arm., aircraft and shlp.-

and hal produced many

illu.tratlon. for partworil.,

magazIne. and book.,

Including a number of titles

In the New Vanguard serle••

OSPREY

PUBLISHING

New Vanguard. 38

American Civil War

Artillery 1861-65 (1)

Field Artillery

Philip Katcher· Illustrated by Tony Bryan

------------------

Editor's Note

n. ~ 01 ~ _

Fnl PUIlliII'*l ~ GteIl1 8ri1.aln In 2001 by~~. Em. Co<.-l.

~ Wtq. ~. O>.!otd OX2 9LP. lInlllOl ~.

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Email inIo

mLE PAGE A 3·ln. Ordnance Allte on display at the

OettyslWril National Battlefield Park.

AMERICAN CIVIL WAR ARTILLERY

1861-1865 (1) FIELD ARTILLERY

INTRODUCTION

n th~ 186(k.;1\ the <;tan or tile Allu.'rican Ci\'il \\'ar. t\nlt.:rical1 anilkn

eXllCllS \\(c"re in the mid:.1 of a In;yor c1tange uf eli! ectioll. In the (';Ifh

H.'ar" of the 19th cenlun, .\Illcrican anilkn had :111 o\'t~rwhclmingh

English influence, \\hich <;temllwd from lhe War of Indepcmkncc

1Il'.ll'h il ('CUlun earlier. AI that time. lilt:." Briti... h .11111\ lISt.'d 3-. 6-. 12-. and

24-lxlr. liglll brass guns. can;ed on wooden Glniagc<; ,,'jill 'plil tr.lik

During thl' War of Indepcndence. the Continent.11 Anm r('cei,"ed some

Frcllch-made fidd "nille,"" .t-, 8-. ami 12-fxlr.... lIlollllled 011 c.lI1iaKc.'>

that WCf(:" \'en similar 10 those of the Ilriti.. h. The\ also uSt'd Swcdi"h-

made 4-lxlrs. lhal \,'ere mili/ed b\ the French I\nm as rcgimcllI<I' dose

sllPIXln weapon....

t\!though lIlC"C weapons u't.'c1 hra!\.~ IUI)(·~. thc copper nceded for

m;llILifactLiring brass wa~ scarel.' in America. \\hik iron wa~ plentiful

throughoul the COUllln. CltlnOIl fOllndrie~ were located in both thl.'

north and ~mllh of the (mlllt" Ix·fore the Ch·il \\'011'. and after 1800 the

f\merican aml\ almost exdusivl.'h adopted iron for mal..ing gun b..lrrels.

The exception was the AIllCI·ic;l1I-de:.i~ned WKing Ilowit7er. w which used

a ~hort hmss lube with a 2 3 4-in. bore d('~ign('d to Shool a ~Tellade a

short distance. a t)piGll lI~C for a h{miller. It II,IS idl...a] for lighting

Indians in tile densel) wooded llunhea~l. bUI \\<t~ of link me again~t

org;lI1i/cd forces 1l~;l1g their own artillel").

After tllc adoption of iron. American-mack .lrtilkn ll~cd lilt.: Uriti~h

calibcr ~rMCtl1 of 6-. 12-. 18-. and 24-pdr:..

Many batteries at the wan

outset were armed with obsolete

II-pelr. cannon with Iron lubes,

such as this M183t a..ampl••

(Ft. McHenry Nallonal Parkl

illStead of the Frcnch ~~~lelli.

011 lhe other hand. French

carri:lgc dl..'\igll I\'as choscn

mcr Ihe Hrili~1l st}lc. A

~('rit'~ of M] HIX "w;llking

stick" COIl1tlOII burst during

tC~L\ ill 18ti, howcver. and

a number of anillclTlllcn

!k:g-all to lo~e U'USt in iron.

The known briuk qLlalitie~

of the metal, cOllpled

Wilh it\ weigh 1. made it

lIn~lIitablc for cannon

tul>c'l. thev fch. In 18%.

therefOl·e. lhe Ordnance

Uoard. afler testing iron

and bron/e a~ barrel

IUelals.

decided

that

America's

field

pieces

New Vanguard - 038 - American Civil War Artillery 1861-65 - Field Artillery.pdf

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