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English as a Second Language Podcast
www.eslpod.com
ENGLISH CAFÉ – 78
TOPICS
Daylight Saving Time, March Madness, to solve vs. to resolve, She smells good
vs. She smells well
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GLOSSARY
Daylight Saving Time – moving clocks forward one hour in early spring so that
evenings have more light, and then moving them back one hour in the fall
* Many people think that using Daylight Saving Time saves energy because
people don’t use as much electricity in the evenings when it is light outside.
March Madness – a three-week championship shown on television of college
basketball teams each spring
* During March Madness, James and his sons and daughters watch a lot of TV
because they don’t want to miss any of the games.
to spring ahead – a phrase meaning “to jump forward,” which is used to remind
people that in the spring, clocks should be set one hour ahead
* I forgot that the clocks were supposed to spring ahead, so I accidentally went to
work an hour late this morning!
to fall back – a phrase meaning “to walk behind,” which is used to remind people
that in the fall, clocks should be set one hour back
* Many people like it when the clocks fall back because they feel as though they
get one extra hour or sleep.
collegiate – related to a college or university
* Do you prefer to watch football games played by professional teams or
collegiate teams?
office pool – a game in which people who work together in an office give a small
amount of money with their guess about which team will win a game or by how
much, and the winner receives all the money
* Last year, Suzanne won $100 in the office pool. This year she lost $10.
to be favored – to be expected to win; to be thought to be more likely to win
* Kelly’s volleyball team is favored to win this year’s championship because the
team has some very strong players.
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English as a Second Language Podcast
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ENGLISH CAFÉ – 78
winning record – a history of winning games; past performance of winning
* Kesia has a winning record for swimming. She has never been beaten!
sweet 16 – a special birthday when a girl turns 16 years old; a term used for the
remaining best 16 teams in a sports tournament
* For Lupe’s sweet 16, her parents surprised her with a party for her and all of
her friends at their favorite restaurant.
opponent – a person whom one is playing against; a member of the other team
* Taka and his opponent are equally good at playing tennis, so this should be an
interesting game.
semifinals – the third- and second-to-last games in a tournament where team A
plays B and team C plays D and the winners go to the finals
* If your team wins these semifinals, it will play in the finals and it might even win
the championship!
Cinderella story – when an ordinary team suddenly and unexpectedly becomes
the winner of a game or championship
* The Cardinals hadn’t won a game in three years, so it was a Cinderella story
when they won the championship last year.
to solve – to find the answer to a problem or question; to successfully deal with a
problem or a difficult situation
* Were you able to solve problem #23 in last night’s math homework?
to resolve – to find a solution to a difficult situation or to make an argument end
between two or more people of groups
* Have Mr. and Mrs. Salah resolved their argument yet, or are they still fighting?
dispute – an argument; a fight with words; to argue about what the truth is
* Vladimir and his father are in a dispute about whether Vladimir should be
allowed to drive his father’s car again.
to smell good – to have a pleasant smell, odor, or aroma
* Thank you for the flowers. They smell good!
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English as a Second Language Podcast
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ENGLISH CAFÉ – 78
WHAT INSIDERS KNOW
Classic American Sports Movies
Both sports and movies are very popular in the United States. So it should be no
surprise that there are many American “classics” (famous old movies) about
many different sports. Some classic American sports movies include “Field of
Dreams,” “Caddyshack,” “A League of Their Own,” and “Rocky,” but there are
many others.
“Field of Dreams” was made in 1989. It is about a corn farmer in Iowa (in the
middle of the US) who hears voices telling him to build a “baseball field” (a place
to play baseball) on his farm. He builds the baseball field and then he begins to
see many “ghosts” (the spirits of those who are dead) of people who used to play
for the Chicago White Sox, a baseball team that played in the 1919 “Word
Series” championship.
Another classic American sports movie is “Caddyshack,” which was made in
1980. This is a “comedy” (funny movie) about golf. A “caddy” is a man who
carries “golf clubs” (the sticks that are used to hit golf balls) for golf players at
expensive golf courses. This movie is about a poor caddy who is working at a
golf course as a way to earn money for college and he gets involved in many
funny situations.
“A League of Their Own,” filmed in 1992, is about two sisters who become
players in the first professional baseball “league” (teams that play against each
other) for women. The movie is about baseball and about the sisters’
relationship with each other while they are playing on the team.
Another very popular sports classic is “Rocky.” Filmed in 1976, this move is
about a boxer who is training to fight the boxing champion, even though nobody
thinks that he can win the fight. This movie had many “sequels” (several related
movies with the same characters) with Rocky II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, and VIII!
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English as a Second Language Podcast
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ENGLISH CAFÉ – 78
COMPLETE TRANSCRIPT
You're listening to ESL Podcast's English Café number 78.
This is English as a Second Language Podcast’s English Cafe episode 78. I'm
your host, Dr. Jeff McQuillan, coming to you from the Center for Educational
Development in beautiful Los Angeles, California.
Remember to visit our website at eslpod.com; we have lots of interesting things
for you there. You can visit our ESL Podcast Store, which has additional English
courses for you. You can also download the Learning Guide for this episode,
which is a eight to ten page PDF file that contains vocabulary, cultural notes and
the complete transcript of this episode. And, we have some other interesting
things on the website; take a look at that, you may find them of interest.
In this Café, we're going to talk first about Daylight Saving Time in the United
States. We're also going to talk about something called March Madness and
what that means, and, as always, we'll answer a few of your questions. Let's get
started.
Our first topic today is Daylight Saving Time, sometimes called Daylight Savings
Time but the technical name is Daylight Saving Time. Daylight Saving Time is
popular in some countries. In the United States, most states have Daylight
Saving Time. It's also popular in Europe, but not so popular in many countries in
Asia.
Daylight Saving Time is when we move our clocks - the time - forward or
backward depending on the time of year in order to take advantage of, or to be
able to use, the amount of sunlight in the day. In northern countries, in the
northern hemisphere for example, the day is very long during the summertime,
and it's shorter in the wintertime. When we say the day is long or short, we mean
the number of hours that the sun is shining - that there is light outside.
One of the things that happened in the early 20th century was that some
governments, including many in the United States - many states, decided to
change the clock in the spring by moving it forward an hour so that you would not
be sleeping through the time when the sun was out in the summertime.
We have the expression “spring ahead.” Spring is the season, but the verb, to
spring, means to move forward. So, to remind people to change their clocks, we
have this expression, “Spring ahead, fall back,” because in the fall, which is
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English as a Second Language Podcast
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ENGLISH CAFÉ – 78
autumn - September, October, November - we change our clocks back an hour
in most states in the US. And, there is a verb to fall back, which means to move
back - to go back. So, Daylight Saving Time is a way that some people say
helps us time energy - it helps us spend less money because you are up when
the sun is out, and when the sun is not out, you are sleeping.
There are many people who dislike Daylight Saving Time. First of all, it's very
confusing; some people forget to change their clocks. Normally, the change
takes place in the United States in the spring - we move forward. This year, for
the first year, we're moving forward, or springing forward, on the second Sunday
of March. This is two weeks earlier than we used to do it, and we are falling back
on the first Sunday in November. This is a little later than we used to fall back.
The US Congress changed the law in terms of when the Daylight Saving Time
begins and ends. There have been some problems created by this, however,
because the computer software was programmed to have Daylight Saving Time
in the United States on the old days, so this year Microsoft and Macintosh, the
two big computer operating systems, had to make some changes in their
software to adjust to the new timing.
Now, I've said that most states in the United States have this Daylight Saving
Time, but there are some states that do not follow the Daylight Saving Time
schedule. As I've talked about before on the Café, although the United States
has a federal government - a national government - the individual state
governments - the 50 state governments - have a lot of power, more power than
individual states or provinces in other countries, typically. And, one of the things
that the states can decide is whether they want Daylight Saving Time in their
state.
Some states, such as Arizona and Hawaii don't have Daylight Saving Time. This
causes even more confusion because on some months - during some months of
the year, California and Arizona have the same time - when it's seven o'clock in
Los Angeles, it's seven o'clock in Arizona - and other months, there's an hour
difference. So, depending on the time of year, you have to know what time it is in
different states, in this case, the state of Arizona.
It gets even more confusing. When I lived in Arizona, I heard the story about one
of the Native American groups - we would call them tribes, “tribes” - one of the
Native American tribes, on their land decided to have Daylight Saving Time
unlike the rest of the state. This is confusing, but Native American - what we call
reservations - their areas of land that they own have their own government that is
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