Nonlethal_TF - CFR.pdf - Non-Lethal Weapons - solig

C O U N C I L O N F O R E I G N R E L A T I O N S

NONLETHAL WEAPONS

AND CAPABILITIES

R EPORT OF AN I NDEPENDENT T ASK F ORCE

S PONSORED BY THE C OUNCIL ON F OREIGN R ELATIONS

G RAHAM T. A LLISON AND P AUL X. K ELLEY , C O -C HAIRS

R ICHARD L. G ARWIN , P ROJECT D IRECTOR

Nonlethal Weapons

and Capabilities

Report of an Independent Task Force

Sponsored by the

Council on Foreign Relations

Graham T. Allison and Paul X. Kelley, Co-Chairs

Richard L. Garwin, Project Director

Founded in 1921, the Council on Foreign Relations is an independent, national member-

ship organization and a nonpartisan center for scholars dedicated to producing and dis-

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ranging Studies program; publishing Foreign Affairs,the preeminent journal covering inter-

national affairs and U.S. foreign policy; maintaining a diverse membership; sponsoring Inde-

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policy on the Council’s website, www.cfr.org.

THE COUNCIL TAKES NO INSTITUTIONAL POSITION ON POLICY ISSUES

AND HAS NO AFFILIATION WITH THE U.S. GOVERNMENT. ALL STATE-

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The Council will sponsor an Independent Task Force when (1) an issue of current and

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ommendation; (2) a report stating the various policy positions, each as sharply and fairly

as possible; or (3) a “Chairman’s Report,” where Task Force members who agree with the

chairman’s report may associate themselves with it, while those who disagree may submit

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This report may not be reproduced in whole or in part, in any form beyond the reproduc-

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CONTENTS

Foreword

Acknowledgments

vii

Executive Summary

Task Force Report

Positioning of Nonlethal Weapons in Current

U.S. Capabilities

Changes in Politics, Security, and Technology

Background on Nonlethal Weapons

Current Administration of Nonlethal Weapons–

Joint Nonlethal Weapons Directorate

An Expanded Nonlethal Weapons Program

Emerging Technologies and Unfulfilled Needs

Learning from Experience

Caveats and Comments

Chemical Nonlethal Weapons

Findings

Recommendations

Additional or Dissenting Views

Task Force Members

Task Force Observers

Appendixes

A: Currently Available (or Nearly Available)

Nonlethal Weapons

B: Three Iraqi Fables

C: Chemical and Biological Nonlethal Weapons

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