VB.NET_Language_in_a_Nutshell.pdf

VB .NET Language in a Nutshell

Steven Roman

Ron Petrusha

Paul Lomax

Publisher: O'Reilly

First Edition August 2001

ISBN: 0-596-00092-8, 654 pages

Need to make sense of the many changes to Visual Basic for the new .NET platform? VB .NET

Language in a Nutshell introduces the important aspects of the language and explains the .NET

framework. An alphabetical reference covers the functions, statements, directives, objects, and object

members that make up the VB .NET language. To ease the transition, each language element

includes a "VB .NET/VB 6 Differences" section.

Preface ................................................................................................................................ 14

Why Another VB Book? ........................................................................................... 26

Who This Book Is For ............................................................................................... 26

Readers New to Visual Basic ............................................................................. 26

VB and VBScript Developers New to VB .NET ............................................ 26

Existing VB .NET Developers ............................................................................ 27

How This Book Is Structured ................................................................................ 27

The Format of the Language Reference ....................................................... 28

Conventions Used in This Book ............................................................................ 29

How to Contact Us .................................................................................................... 30

Acknowledgments ..................................................................................................... 30

Part I: The Basics .............................................................................................................. 33

Chapter 1. Introduction ..................................................................................................... 33

1.1 Why VB .NET? ..................................................................................................... 34

1.2 What Is VB .NET? .............................................................................................. 37

1.2.1 Object Orientation ..................................................................................... 37

1.2.2 A Common Type System ........................................................................ 38

1.2.3 Access to System Services: The Framework Class Library ...... 39

1.2.4 A Common Runtime Environment ...................................................... 41

1.3 What Can You Do with VB .NET? ................................................................. 42

Chapter 2. Variables and Data Types ............................................................................ 43

2.1 Variables ............................................................................................................... 43

2.1.1 Variable Scope ............................................................................................ 43

2.1.2 Variable Lifetime ........................................................................................ 45

2.2 Declaring Variables and Constants ............................................................. 47

2.3 Data Types ........................................................................................................... 48

2.3.1 Value and Reference Types ................................................................... 49

2.3.2 VB Data Types: A Summary ................................................................. 51

2.3.3 Simple Data Types in Visual Basic ...................................................... 54

2.3.4 Data Type Conversion ............................................................................. 62

2.4 Arrays ..................................................................................................................... 64

2.4.1 Definition of Array ..................................................................................... 64

2.4.2 Dimension of an Array ............................................................................. 64

2.4.3 Size of an Array ......................................................................................... 64

2.4.4 Arrays in VB .NET ...................................................................................... 65

2.5 Object Variables and Their Binding ............................................................ 67

2.5.1 Late Binding Versus Early Binding ...................................................... 68

2.6 The Collection Object ....................................................................................... 69

2.7 Parameters and Arguments ........................................................................... 70

2.7.1 Passing Arguments ................................................................................... 70

2.7.2 Passing Objects .......................................................................................... 71

2.7.3 Optional Arguments .................................................................................. 73

2.7.4 ParamArray .................................................................................................. 73

Chapter 3. Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming .......................................... 75

3.1 Why Learn Object-Oriented Techniques? ................................................ 75

3.2 Principles of Object-Oriented Programming ............................................ 75

3.2.1 Abstraction ................................................................................................... 75

3.2.2 Encapsulation .............................................................................................. 76

3.2.3 Interfaces ...................................................................................................... 77

3.3 Classes and Objects .......................................................................................... 79

3.3.1 Class Modules in VB .NET ....................................................................... 79

3.3.2 Class Members ............................................................................................ 79

3.3.3 The Public Interface of a VB .NET Class ........................................... 81

3.3.4 Objects ........................................................................................................... 81

3.3.5 Properties ...................................................................................................... 82

3.3.6 Instance and Shared Members ............................................................. 83

3.3.7 Class Constructors ..................................................................................... 84

3.3.8 Finalize, Dispose, and Garbage Collection ....................................... 85

3.4 Inheritance ........................................................................................................... 86

3.4.1 Permission to Inherit ................................................................................ 88

3.4.2 Overriding ..................................................................................................... 88

3.4.3 Rules of Inheritance .................................................................................. 89

3.4.4 MyBase, MyClass, and Me ...................................................................... 89

3.5 Interfaces, Abstract Members, and Classes ............................................ 91

3.5.1 Interfaces Revisited .................................................................................. 93

3.6 Polymorphism and Overloading ................................................................... 93

3.6.1 Overloading .................................................................................................. 93

3.6.2 Polymorphism .............................................................................................. 94

3.7 Scope and Accessibility in Class Modules ................................................. 95

Chapter 4. The .NET Framework: General Concepts .................................................. 97

4.1 Namespaces ......................................................................................................... 97

4.2 Common Language Runtime (CLR), Managed Code, and Managed

Data ................................................................................................................................. 97

4.3 Managed Execution ........................................................................................... 98

4.4 Assemblies ............................................................................................................ 98

4.5 Assemblies and VB .NET ............................................................................... 100

Chapter 5. The .NET Framework Class Library .......................................................... 103

5.1 The System Namespace ................................................................................ 104

5.1.1 Data Type Conversion ............................................................................ 104

5.1.2 The Array Class ......................................................................................... 105

5.1.3 The Math Class .......................................................................................... 106

5.1.4 The String Class ....................................................................................... 107

5.2 Other Namespaces .......................................................................................... 108

5.2.1 System.Collections .................................................................................. 110

5.2.2 System.Data .............................................................................................. 110

5.2.3 System.IO ................................................................................................... 111

5.2.4 System.Text.RegularExpressions ...................................................... 111

5.2.5 System.Windows.Forms ........................................................................ 113

Chapter 6. Delegates and Events ................................................................................. 115

6.1 Delegates ............................................................................................................ 115

6.1.1 Using a Delegate to Call a Method .................................................... 116

6.1.2 Using a Delegate as a Function Pointer .......................................... 117

6.2 Events and Event Binding ............................................................................ 118

6.2.1 Control-Related Events ......................................................................... 119

6.2.2 WithEvents ................................................................................................. 119

6.2.3 AddHandler ................................................................................................ 120

Chapter 7. Error Handling in VB .NET ......................................................................... 123

7.1 Error Detection and Error Handling .......................................................... 123

7.2 Runtime Error Handling ................................................................................ 124

7.2.1 Unstructured Error Handling ............................................................... 124

7.2.2 Structured Exception Handling .......................................................... 127

7.3 Dealing with Logical Errors .......................................................................... 131

7.3.1 Detecting Logical Errors ........................................................................ 131

7.3.2 Where to Handle a Logical Error ....................................................... 132

7.4 Error Constants ................................................................................................ 133

Part II: Reference ............................................................................................................ 135

Chapter 8. The Language Reference ....................................................................... 135

#Const Directive .................................................................................................. 137

#If...Then...#Else Directive ............................................................................ 139

#Region...#End Region Directive ................................................................. 141

Abs Function .......................................................................................................... 141

Acos Function ........................................................................................................ 143

AddHandler Statement ...................................................................................... 143

AddressOf Operator ............................................................................................ 144

AppActivate Procedure ...................................................................................... 145

Application Class .................................................................................................. 147

Application.CompanyName Property ........................................................... 148

Application.DoEvents Method ......................................................................... 149

Application.ExecutablePath Property ........................................................... 150

Application.ProductName Property ............................................................... 151

Application.ProductVersion Property ........................................................... 152

Array Class ............................................................................................................. 152

Array.BinarySearch Method ............................................................................ 153

Array.Copy Method ............................................................................................. 156

Array.IndexOf Method ....................................................................................... 158

Array.LastIndexOf Method ............................................................................... 159

Array.Reverse Method ....................................................................................... 161

Array.Sort Method ............................................................................................... 162

Asc, AscW Functions .......................................................................................... 164

Asin Function ......................................................................................................... 166

Atan Function ........................................................................................................ 167

See Also .................................................................................................................. 168

Atan2 Function ..................................................................................................... 168

Beep Procedure .................................................................................................... 169

Call Statement ...................................................................................................... 170

CallByName Function ......................................................................................... 172

CBool Function ...................................................................................................... 174

CByte Function ..................................................................................................... 175

CChar Function ..................................................................................................... 176

CDate Function ..................................................................................................... 177

CDbl Function ........................................................................................................ 178

CDec Function ....................................................................................................... 179

Ceiling Function .................................................................................................... 180

ChDir Procedure ................................................................................................... 181

ChDrive Procedure ............................................................................................... 182

Choose Function ................................................................................................... 184

Chr, ChrW Functions ........................................................................................... 185

CInt Function ......................................................................................................... 187

Class Statement ................................................................................................... 188

Clipboard Class ..................................................................................................... 190

Clipboard.GetDataObject Method .................................................................. 190

Clipboard.SetDataObject Method .................................................................. 192

CLng Function ........................................................................................................ 192

CObj Function ........................................................................................................ 194

Collection Class ..................................................................................................... 195

Collection.Add Method ....................................................................................... 198

Collection.Count Property ................................................................................. 199

Collection.Item Method ..................................................................................... 200

Collection.Remove Method ............................................................................... 202

ColorDialog Class ................................................................................................. 203

Command Function ............................................................................................. 205

Const Statement .................................................................................................. 207

Cos Function .......................................................................................................... 208

Cosh Function ........................................................................................................ 209

CreateObject Function ....................................................................................... 210

CShort Function .................................................................................................... 212

CSng Function ....................................................................................................... 214

CStr Function ......................................................................................................... 215

CType Function ..................................................................................................... 216

CurDir Function ..................................................................................................... 218

DateAdd Function ................................................................................................. 219

DateDiff Function ................................................................................................. 221

DatePart Function ................................................................................................ 224

DateSerial Function ............................................................................................. 226

DateString Property ............................................................................................ 228

DateValue Function ............................................................................................. 229

Day Function .......................................................................................................... 230

DDB Function ......................................................................................................... 231

Debug Class ........................................................................................................... 233

Debug.Assert Method ......................................................................................... 234

Debug.AutoFlush Property ............................................................................... 235

Debug.Close Method ........................................................................................... 235

Debug.Flush Method ........................................................................................... 236

Debug.Indent Method ........................................................................................ 236

Debug.IndentLevel Property ............................................................................ 237

Debug.IndentSize Property .............................................................................. 237

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