Outline of the US Economy.pdf

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U. S. ECONOMY
2 0 0 9 E D I T I O N
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O U T L I N E O F T H E
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O U T L I N E O F T H E
U. S. ECONOMY
2 0 0 9 E D I T I O N
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Outline of the U.S. Economy
dition
Publishedin2009by:BureauofInternationalInformationPrograms
UnitedStatesDepartmentofState
http://www.america.gov/publications/books.htmloutline_economy
STAFF
Editor in Chief: MichaelJayFriedman
Managing Editor: BruceOdessey
Design: DavidHamill
Graphs: VincentHughes
Photo editor: MaggieSliker
FRONT COVER: top illustration DaveCutler/StockIllustrationSource
bottom illustration JaneSterrett/StockIllustrationSource
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Thiseditionof Outlineoftheconomy hasbeencompletelyrevisedbyPeterBehr,a
formerbusinesseditorandreporterforthe shingtonPost Itupdatesseveralprevious
editionsthatwereissuedfirstbytheU.S.InformationAgencyandthenbytheU.S.Depart-
mentofStatebeginningin1981.
ii
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C O N T E N T S
CHAPTER 1: The Challenges of this Century
1
Theworldslargestandmostdiverseeconomyfaces
themostsevereeconomicchallengesinageneration
ormore.
CHAPTER 2: The Evolution of the U.S. Economy
10
Theeconomyhasexpandedandchanged,guidedby
someunchangingprinciples.
CHAPTER 3: What the U.S. Economy Produces
48
ThelargeU.S.multinationalfirmshavealteredtheir
productionstrategiesandtheirrolesinresponseto
globalizationastheyadapttoincreasingcompetition.
CHAPTER 4: Competition and the American Culture 62
Competitionhasremainedadefiningcharacteristicof
theU.S.economyintheAmericanDreamofowninga
smallbusiness.
CHAPTER 5: Geography and Infrastructure
76
Educationandtransportationhelpholdtogetherwidely
separatedanddistinctregions.
CHAPTER 6: Government and the Economy
90
MuchofAmericashistoryhasfocusedonthedebate
overthegovernmentsroleintheeconomy.
CHAPTER 7: A U.S. Economy Linked to the World 114
Despitepoliticaldivisions,theUnitedStatesshows
nosignofretreatfromglobalengagementintrade
andinvestment.
CHAPTER 8: A New Chapter in America’s Economic Story 130
TheUnitedStates,initsdemocraticway,facesupto
immenseeconomicchallenges.
Ou t l i ne o f the U . S . Economy
iii
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