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SUTTON HOO:
THE BODY IN THE MOUND
A Thesis
Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the
Louisiana State University and
Agricultural and mechanical College
in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the degree of
Master of Arts
in
The School of Art
by
Tanya Knight Ruffin
B.F.A., Louisiana State University, 1988
August, 2006
Acknowledgements
I would like to gratefully acknowledge the diligent supervision of Dr. Kirstin Noreen,
whose guidance and encouragement I deeply appreciate. I would like to express gratitude
to Dr. Mark Zucker for his advice and inspiring lectures, from as far back as 1983. Also,
I would like to acknowledge Dr. Marchita Mauck for her support and assistance.
In addition, I need to recognize the support of Roger Busbice and Dr. Barbara Danos,
both of whom have been friends and mentors to me throughout my life and career and the
assistance of my dear friend Charlotte Cavel.
Finally, I am forever indebted to all my friends and family, especially my husband,
James, and my mother, Goldia, for their understanding, endless patience and
encouragement when it was most required.
ii
Table of Contents
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .................................................................................................. ii
LIST OF TABLES............................................................................................................. iv
LIST OF FIGURES .............................................................................................................v
ABSTRACT...................................................................................................................... vii
CHAPTER 1. BACKGROUND ....................................................................................... 1
1.1 Merovingian Influence.......................................................................................... 5
1.2 East Anglia............................................................................................................ 8
CHAPTER 2. THE EXCAVATIONS ........................................................................... 11
2.1 1938-1939, Pretty Excavation............................................................................. 11
2.2 1940-1982, Research and Excavation................................................................. 19
2.3 1983-1986, The Evaluation Program.................................................................. 20
2.4 1986-1992, The Excavation................................................................................ 22
CHAPTER 3. FINDS OF MOUND ONE ...................................................................... 26
3.1 The Whetstone .................................................................................................... 27
3.2 The Standard ....................................................................................................... 30
3.3 The Purse, Coins, And Buckle............................................................................ 32
3.4 The Helmet ......................................................................................................... 34
3.5 The Shield ........................................................................................................... 37
3.6 The Drinking Horns ............................................................................................ 39
CHAPTER 4. THE BODY IN THE MOUND ............................................................... 42
CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSION ........................................................................................ 53
BIBLIOGRAPHY............................................................................................................. 55
APPENDIX ADDITIONAL IMAGES.......................................................................... 58
VITA ................................................................................................................................. 65
iii
List of Tables
1. Kings of East Anglia…………………………………....…………………………….44
iv
List of Figures
1. Sutton Hoo located near the River Deben………………………………………………1
2. Sutton Hoo Mounds Today……………………………………………….…………….1
3. Settlements of Angles, Saxons, and Jutes in Britain……………………………………3
4. The 1938 excavation…………………………………………………………………..11
5. Mound map with descriptions…………………………………………………………13
6. 1939 discovery of ship-burial in mound one.……………………..…………….…….14
7. The schematic of mound-one ship-burial……………………………………………..15
8. Recreation of burial chamber inside the ship-burial of mound one…………………...16
9. Sand bodies……………………………………………………………………………22
10. A replica model of the Sutton Hoo ship……………………………………………...26
11. The whetstone scepter………………………………………………………………..27
12. Details of the faces on the Sutton Hoo whetstone scepter………………………….. 28
13. The Hagested bronze pin…………………………………………………………….29
14. The Husiatyn pillar…………………………………………………………………..29
15. The Gundestrup cauldron……………………………………………………………29
16. The Sutton Hoo standard…………………………………………………………….31
17. Examples of standards on Roman coins……………………………………………..31
18. Purse lid……………………………………………………………………………...32
19. The gold buckle with a detailed interlocking serpent design………………………..32
20. Sutton Hoo helmet reconstructed from fragments…………………………………...35
21. Sutton Hoo helmet reconstructed as it would have looked…………………………..35
22. Detail from helmet of dancing warriors……………………………………………...35
23. Helmet from a burial mounds at Vendel, Sweden…………………………………...35
v

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