Wymagania do wentylacji2.pdf
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GEAFOL
Cast-Resin Transformers:
Planning Guidelines
Contents
Basic data for planning
Technical preconditions ...............................................................................4
Standards and specifications ......................................................................4
Dimensions and weight...............................................................................4
Installation requirements
Water conservation measures to DIN VDE 0101 ........................................5
Measures for fire protection and preservation
of functional integrity to DIN VDE 0101 ......................................................5
Installation of transformers with rated voltages above 1 kV
Measures for fire protection and preservation of functional integrity .........6
Classification according to VDE 0532, Part 6...............................................6
Temperature of the cooling air.....................................................................7
Special installation conditions......................................................................7
Minimum clearances ...................................................................................7
Room design ...............................................................................................8
Protection against accidental contact ..........................................................9
Examples for installation..............................................................................9
Room division between transformers .........................................................9
Connection system
Connection of the high-voltage side ..........................................................10
Connection of the HV side using plug-type connectors ............................10
High-voltage tappings ................................................................................10
Connection of the low-voltage side ...........................................................11
Connection of earthing and short-circuiting devices..................................11
Temperature supervision
Temperature supervision ...........................................................................12
Function.....................................................................................................12
Additional forced-air cooling to increase the transformer power rating
Fan characteristics.....................................................................................13
Economic efficiency of additional forced-air cooling..................................13
Ventilation of the transformer room
Assumptions..............................................................................................14
Calculating the heat losses in the room ....................................................14
Calculating the heat dissipation .................................................................14
Q
v1
: Heat dissipation by natural air circulation ...........................................15
Worked example .......................................................................................15
Q
v2
: Heat dissipation through the walls and ceiling...................................15
Q
v3
: Heat dissipation by forced-air circulation............................................16
Air ducting .................................................................................................16
Room ventilation fans................................................................................16
Criteria for choice of room ventilation fans................................................16
Rating of the room ventilation fan .............................................................16
p
R
: Pressure difference due to flow .........................................................16
Worked example .......................................................................................17
Noise
The sound sensitivity of the ear ................................................................19
Approximation of the ear characteristics using instrumentation ...............19
Propagation of noise..................................................................................20
Sound power level.....................................................................................20
Measures for noise reduction....................................................................20
- Air-borne noise ........................................................................................20
- Structure-borne noise ..............................................................................21
- Insulation against structure-borne noise: Dimensioning..........................21
- Insulation against structure-borne noise: Worked example ...................21
Noise level in the room next to the transformer room: Worked example.......22
EMC of distribution transformers
...................................................................23
2
Easy to Integrate Anywhere
GEAFOL – for the Most Stringent
Local Conditions
GEAFOL
®
cast-resin dry-type transform-
Requirements stipulated in regulations
ers are the ideal solution wherever high
such as those for fire protection or water
load densities necessitate provision of
conservation can be easily satisfied using
power sources close to the load.
GEAFOL cast-
resin dry-type
They give designers the necessary free-
transformers. The
dom of action, since they facilitate eco-
design employed
nomic implemen-
is not only flame-retardant and self-
tation of network
extinguishing, humidity-proof and tropic-
concepts, because
proof, but is also low-noise.
they are environmentally compatible and
safe, and because they allow installation
And because a whole range of possibil-
of power sources
ities are available, matching to the plant
close to the load
is facilitated and
without the need
planning is more
for special rooms and precautions. These
flexible.
are aspects which predestinate these
These planning guidelines give important
distribution transformers for use in build-
tips on how to get the best results using
ings.
GEAFOL transformers in your plant.
Your advantage: GEAFOL cast-resin
dry-type trans-
formers can be
easily integrated
anywhere - directly at the site, regardless
of whether a commercial or residential
building is involved, or an industrial plant,
or public transport services.
3
Basic Data for Planning
The basic data for planning your
GEAFOL installation are given below.
Standards
• DIN 42 523 dry-type transformers
50 Hz, 100 - 2500 kVA
• HD 538.1 S1
The following requirements must be
taken into account for installation and
operation of plants:
• DIN VDE 0100
for "Erection of power installations with
rated voltages up to 1000 V"
• DIN VDE 0101
for "Erection of power installations with
rated voltages above 1 kV"
• DIN VDE 0105
for "Operation of electrical power
installations"
• DIN VDE 0108
for erection and operation of power
installations in buildings open to the
public and for emergency lighting at
production and office areas
• DIN VDE 0141
for "Earthing of power installations with
rated voltages above 1 kV",
• Elt Bau VO
Standards of the Federal States for
electrical operating areas
• Arb. Stätt. VO
Regulations for production and office
areas
• TA-Lärm
Instructions for protection against
acoustical pollution.
Additional planning and design notes are
contained in:
• VDI 2078
for calculation of the cooling load in
air-conditioned rooms
• AGI J 12
Structural design: Rooms for indoor
switchgear; Worksheet of the Project
Group for Industrial Buildings (AGI).
Technical preconditions
All the technical data apply to GEAFOL
cast-resin dry-type transformers with the
following features:
• Installation in enclosed electrical
operating area in accordance with
VDE 0101 or DIN VDE 0108
• Power rating 50 - 2500 kVA
• Voltages of up to U
m
= 36 kV
The data also generally apply to
• transformers of over 2500 kVA,
• oil-immersed transformers in terms of
"Water conservation and fire protection
measures and measures for preserva-
tion of functional integrity" in addition
to those for "Ventilation" and "Noise".
Standards and specifications
Our GEAFOL transformers meet the
requirements of all relevant national,
European and international Standards.
Standards
• DIN VDE 0532 for transformers and
reactor coils
• DIN VDE 0532, Part 6, for dry-type
transformers
• HD 464 S1
• IEC 726
Dimensions and weights
All data regarding dimensions and
weights relevant to planning are to be
found in the latest edition of our catalog
"GEAFOL cast-resin dry-type transform-
ers"
(Order No. E50001-K7101-A101-A2-X-7600).
The quotation and/or the contractual
documents are binding as regards the
actual design of the transformers.
4
Installation Requirements
GEAFOL transformers
present no special require-
ments for the point of
installation. This can be
seen from the regulations
for water conservation,
fire protection and preser-
vation of functional in-
tegrity in DIN VDE 0101,
DIN VDE 0108 and
Elt Bau VO. The require-
ments of these regula-
tions (from 1997) are
compared below for trans-
formers of different
design.
Water protection measures to DIN VDE 0101
Trans-
Coolant
General
In closed
Outdoor
former
design-
electrical
installations
design
ation to
operating
VDE 0532
areas
Mineral oil
O
a water-collecting troughs The use of
No water-
*1
and oil-collecting pits
impermeable
collection troughs
floors and dams is
and oil-collecting
b Discharge of liquid
permitted for
pits, subject to
from the water-
water collection
certain conditions
collecting trough must
troughs for max. 3
be prevented
transformers
The complete text
each containing
of VDE 0101,
c Water conservation
less than 1000 l
Section 5.4.2.5 C,
legislation and
liquid
must be observed
regulation of local
authorities are to be
observed
Transformers K
As for coolant
with silicone
designation O
fluid or syn-
thetic ester *2
Cast-resin
A
No measures required
dry-type
trans-
formers
*1 or fire point of coolant and insulating medium
≤
300
°
C
*2 or fire point of coolant and insulating medium > 300
°
C
Measures for fire protection and preservation of functional integrity to DIN VDE 0101
Coolant
General
Outdoor installations
designation
O
a
Rooms separated by F90A fire-retardant walls
a
Adequate
clearances
b
Fire-retardant doors T30
or
c
Flame-retardant doors to outside
b
Fire-resistant
d
Water-collecting troughs and oil-collecting pits
partition walls
are arranged so that fire is not propagated except
for installation in closed electrical operating
areas with max. 3 transformers each containing
less than 1000 l fluid.
e
Quick-acting protection devices
K
As for coolant designation O
No measures
a, b and c can be dispensed with, when e is provided
required
A
Quick-acting protection devices
No measures
required
5
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