Wymagania do wentylacji2.pdf

GEAFOL

Cast-Resin Transformers:

Planning Guidelines

Contents

Basic data for planning

Technical preconditions ...............................................................................4

Standards and specifications ......................................................................4

Dimensions and weight...............................................................................4

Installation requirements

Water conservation measures to DIN VDE 0101 ........................................5

Measures for fire protection and preservation

of functional integrity to DIN VDE 0101 ......................................................5

Installation of transformers with rated voltages above 1 kV

Measures for fire protection and preservation of functional integrity .........6

Classification according to VDE 0532, Part 6...............................................6

Temperature of the cooling air.....................................................................7

Special installation conditions......................................................................7

Minimum clearances ...................................................................................7

Room design ...............................................................................................8

Protection against accidental contact ..........................................................9

Examples for installation..............................................................................9

Room division between transformers .........................................................9

Connection system

Connection of the high-voltage side ..........................................................10

Connection of the HV side using plug-type connectors ............................10

High-voltage tappings ................................................................................10

Connection of the low-voltage side ...........................................................11

Connection of earthing and short-circuiting devices..................................11

Temperature supervision

Temperature supervision ...........................................................................12

Function.....................................................................................................12

Additional forced-air cooling to increase the transformer power rating

Fan characteristics.....................................................................................13

Economic efficiency of additional forced-air cooling..................................13

Ventilation of the transformer room

Assumptions..............................................................................................14

Calculating the heat losses in the room ....................................................14

Calculating the heat dissipation .................................................................14

Q v1 : Heat dissipation by natural air circulation ...........................................15

Worked example .......................................................................................15

Q v2 : Heat dissipation through the walls and ceiling...................................15

Q v3 : Heat dissipation by forced-air circulation............................................16

Air ducting .................................................................................................16

Room ventilation fans................................................................................16

Criteria for choice of room ventilation fans................................................16

Rating of the room ventilation fan .............................................................16

p R : Pressure difference due to flow .........................................................16

Worked example .......................................................................................17

Noise

The sound sensitivity of the ear ................................................................19

Approximation of the ear characteristics using instrumentation ...............19

Propagation of noise..................................................................................20

Sound power level.....................................................................................20

Measures for noise reduction....................................................................20

- Air-borne noise ........................................................................................20

- Structure-borne noise ..............................................................................21

- Insulation against structure-borne noise: Dimensioning..........................21

- Insulation against structure-borne noise: Worked example ...................21

Noise level in the room next to the transformer room: Worked example.......22

EMC of distribution transformers

...................................................................23

Easy to Integrate Anywhere

GEAFOL – for the Most Stringent

Local Conditions

GEAFOL ® cast-resin dry-type transform-

Requirements stipulated in regulations

ers are the ideal solution wherever high

such as those for fire protection or water

load densities necessitate provision of

conservation can be easily satisfied using

power sources close to the load.

GEAFOL cast-

resin dry-type

They give designers the necessary free-

transformers. The

dom of action, since they facilitate eco-

design employed

nomic implemen-

is not only flame-retardant and self-

tation of network

extinguishing, humidity-proof and tropic-

concepts, because

proof, but is also low-noise.

they are environmentally compatible and

safe, and because they allow installation

And because a whole range of possibil-

of power sources

ities are available, matching to the plant

close to the load

is facilitated and

without the need

planning is more

for special rooms and precautions. These

flexible.

are aspects which predestinate these

These planning guidelines give important

distribution transformers for use in build-

tips on how to get the best results using

ings.

GEAFOL transformers in your plant.

Your advantage: GEAFOL cast-resin

dry-type trans-

formers can be

easily integrated

anywhere - directly at the site, regardless

of whether a commercial or residential

building is involved, or an industrial plant,

or public transport services.

Basic Data for Planning

The basic data for planning your

GEAFOL installation are given below.

Standards

• DIN 42 523 dry-type transformers

50 Hz, 100 - 2500 kVA

• HD 538.1 S1

The following requirements must be

taken into account for installation and

operation of plants:

• DIN VDE 0100

for "Erection of power installations with

rated voltages up to 1000 V"

• DIN VDE 0101

for "Erection of power installations with

rated voltages above 1 kV"

• DIN VDE 0105

for "Operation of electrical power

installations"

• DIN VDE 0108

for erection and operation of power

installations in buildings open to the

public and for emergency lighting at

production and office areas

• DIN VDE 0141

for "Earthing of power installations with

rated voltages above 1 kV",

• Elt Bau VO

Standards of the Federal States for

electrical operating areas

• Arb. Stätt. VO

Regulations for production and office

areas

• TA-Lärm

Instructions for protection against

acoustical pollution.

Additional planning and design notes are

contained in:

• VDI 2078

for calculation of the cooling load in

air-conditioned rooms

• AGI J 12

Structural design: Rooms for indoor

switchgear; Worksheet of the Project

Group for Industrial Buildings (AGI).

Technical preconditions

All the technical data apply to GEAFOL

cast-resin dry-type transformers with the

following features:

• Installation in enclosed electrical

operating area in accordance with

VDE 0101 or DIN VDE 0108

• Power rating 50 - 2500 kVA

• Voltages of up to U m = 36 kV

The data also generally apply to

• transformers of over 2500 kVA,

• oil-immersed transformers in terms of

"Water conservation and fire protection

measures and measures for preserva-

tion of functional integrity" in addition

to those for "Ventilation" and "Noise".

Standards and specifications

Our GEAFOL transformers meet the

requirements of all relevant national,

European and international Standards.

Standards

• DIN VDE 0532 for transformers and

reactor coils

• DIN VDE 0532, Part 6, for dry-type

transformers

• HD 464 S1

• IEC 726

Dimensions and weights

All data regarding dimensions and

weights relevant to planning are to be

found in the latest edition of our catalog

"GEAFOL cast-resin dry-type transform-

ers"

(Order No. E50001-K7101-A101-A2-X-7600).

The quotation and/or the contractual

documents are binding as regards the

actual design of the transformers.

Installation Requirements

GEAFOL transformers

present no special require-

ments for the point of

installation. This can be

seen from the regulations

for water conservation,

fire protection and preser-

vation of functional in-

tegrity in DIN VDE 0101,

DIN VDE 0108 and

Elt Bau VO. The require-

ments of these regula-

tions (from 1997) are

compared below for trans-

formers of different

design.

Water protection measures to DIN VDE 0101

Trans-

Coolant

General

In closed

Outdoor

former

design-

electrical

installations

design

ation to

operating

VDE 0532

areas

Mineral oil

a water-collecting troughs The use of

No water-

and oil-collecting pits

impermeable

collection troughs

floors and dams is

and oil-collecting

b Discharge of liquid

permitted for

pits, subject to

from the water-

water collection

certain conditions

collecting trough must

troughs for max. 3

be prevented

transformers

The complete text

each containing

of VDE 0101,

c Water conservation

less than 1000 l

Section 5.4.2.5 C,

legislation and

liquid

must be observed

regulation of local

authorities are to be

observed

Transformers K

As for coolant

with silicone

designation O

fluid or syn-

thetic ester *2

Cast-resin

No measures required

dry-type

trans-

formers

*1 or fire point of coolant and insulating medium

≤

300

*2 or fire point of coolant and insulating medium > 300

Measures for fire protection and preservation of functional integrity to DIN VDE 0101

Coolant

General

Outdoor installations

designation

Rooms separated by F90A fire-retardant walls

Adequate

clearances

Fire-retardant doors T30

Flame-retardant doors to outside

Fire-resistant

Water-collecting troughs and oil-collecting pits

partition walls

are arranged so that fire is not propagated except

for installation in closed electrical operating

areas with max. 3 transformers each containing

less than 1000 l fluid.

Quick-acting protection devices

As for coolant designation O

No measures

a, b and c can be dispensed with, when e is provided

required

Quick-acting protection devices

No measures

required

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