Instrument Procedures Handbook.pdf

INSTRUMENT

PROCEDURES

HANDBOOK

2007

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION

Flight Procedure Standards Branch

PREFACE

This handbook supercedes FAA-H-8261-1, Instrument Procedures Handbook , dated 2004. It is designed as a techni-

cal reference for professional pilots who operate under instrument flight rules (IFR) in the National Airspace System

(NAS). It expands on information contained in the FAA-H-8083-15, Instrument Flying Handbook , and introduces

advanced information for IFR operations. Instrument flight instructors, instrument pilots, and instrument students will

also find this handbook a valuable resource since it is used as a reference for the Airline Transport Pilot and Instrument

Knowledge Tests and for the Practical Test Standards. It also provides detailed coverage of instrument charts and pro-

cedures including IFR takeoff, departure, en route, arrival, approach, and landing. Safety information covering rele-

vant subjects such as runway incursion, land and hold short operations, controlled flight into terrain, and human

factors issues also are included.

This handbook conforms to pilot training and certification concepts established by the FAA. Where a term is defined

in the text, it is shown in blue . Terms and definitions are also located in Appendix C. The discussion and explanations

reflect the most commonly used instrument procedures. Occasionally, the word “must” or similar language is used

where the desired action is deemed critical. The use of such language is not intended to add to, interpret, or relieve

pilots of their responsibility imposed by Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR).

It is essential for persons using this handbook to also become familiar with and apply the pertinent parts of 14 CFR

and the Aeronautical Information Manual (AIM). The CFR, AIM, this handbook, AC 00.2-15, Advisory Circular

Checklist, which transmits the current status of FAA advisory circulars, and other FAA technical references are avail-

able via the Internet at the FAA Home Page http://www.faa.gov . Information regarding the purchase of FAA sub-

scription products such as charts, Airport/Facility Directory, and other publications can be accessed at

http://www.naco.faa.gov/ .

Comments regarding this handbook should be sent to AFS420.IPH@FAA.Gov or U.S. Department of Transportation,

Federal Aviation Administration, Flight Procedure Standards Branch, AFS-420, P.O. Box 25082, Oklahoma City, OK

73125.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The following individuals and their organizations are gratefully acknowledged for their valuable contribution and

commitment to the publication of this handbook:

FAA: Project Manager–Steve Winter; Assistant Project Manager–Lt Col Paul McCarver (USAF); Program

Analyst–Alan Brown; Chief Editor–Fran Chaffin; Legal Review–Mike Webster; Subject Matter Experts–Dean

Alexander, John Bickerstaff, Barry Billmann, Larry Buehler, Dan Burdette, Jack Corman, Dave Eckles, Gary

Harkness, Hooper Harris, Harry Hodges, John Holman, Bob Hlubin, Gerry Holtorf, Steve Jackson, Scott Jerdan, Alan

Jones, Norm Le Fevre, Barry Miller, John Moore, T. J. Nichols, Jim Nixon, Dave Olsen, Don Pate, Gary Powell, Phil

Prasse, Larry Ramirez, Mark Reisweber, Dave Reuter, Jim Seabright, Eric Secretan, Ralph Sexton, Tom Schneider,

Lou Volchansky, Mike Webb, and Mike Werner.

Jeppesen: Project Managers–Pat Willits, James W. Powell, and Dick Snyder; Technical Editors–Dave Schoeman and

Chuck Stout; Media Manager–Rich Hahn; Artists–Paul Gallaway and Pat Brogan.

NOTICE

The U.S. Govt. does not endorse products or manufacturers. Trade or manufacturers' names appear herein solely

because they are considered essential to the objective of this handbook.

III

CONTENTS

Chapter 1 — IFR Operations in the National

Airspace System

Brief History of the National Airspace System . . . .1-2

National Airspace System Plans . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-3

RNAV Plans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-4

System Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-5

Accident Rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-5

Runway Incursion Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-6

System Capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-6

Takeoffs and Landings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-6

Air Traffic Control System Command Center . . .1-6

How the System Components Work Together . . .1-7

Users . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-8

Airlines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-8

Corporate and Fractionals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-9

General Aviation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-9

Military . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-9

ATC Facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-9

Air Route Traffic Control Center . . . . . . . . . .1-10

Terminal Radar Approach Control . . . . . . . .1-10

Control Tower . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-10

Flight Service Stations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-10

Flight Plans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-10

Release Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-11

Expect Departure Clearance Time . . . . . . . . .1-11

Managing Safety and Capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-11

System Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-11

Application of Area Navigation . . . . . . . . . . .1-11

RNAV IFR Terminal Transition Routes .1-12

Required Navigation Performance . . . . .1-13

Global Positioning System . . . . . . . . . . .1-15

GPS-Based Helicopter Operations . . . . .1-16

Reduced Vertical Separation Minimums . . . .1-16

FAA Radar Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-16

Airport Surveillance Radar . . . . . . . . . . .1-16

Air Route Surveillance Radar . . . . . . . . .1-17

Precision Runway Monitoring . . . . . . . .1-17

Equipment and Avionics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-18

ATC Radar Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-18

Automated Radar Terminal System . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-18

Standard Terminal Automation Replacement System 1-18

Precision Approach Radar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-19

Bright Radar Indicator Terminal Equipment . . . . . 1-19

Radar Coverage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-19

Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-20

Data Link . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-20

Mode S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-20

Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance

System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-20

Traffic Information Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-21

Terrain Awareness and Warning System . . . .1-21

Graphical Weather Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-21

Avionics and Instrumentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-22

Flight Management System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-22

Electronic Flight Information System . . . . . . . .1-22

Navigation Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-22

Surveillance Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-23

Operational Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-24

IFR Slots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-24

Ground Delay Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-24

Flow Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-25

Land and Hold Short Operations . . . . . . . . . .1-25

Surface Movement Guidance and

Control System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-25

Expect Changes in the ATC System . . . . . . .1-26

Disseminating Aeronautical Information . . . . . . . . 1-26

Publication Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-26

Aeronautical Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-27

Notice to Airmen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-30

Navigation Databases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-32

Chapter 2 — Takeoffs and Departures

Safety in the Departure Environment . . . . . . . . . . .2-1

Surface Movement Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-1

Airport Sketches and Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . .2-1

Airport/Facility Directory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-2

Surface Movement Guidance Control System .2-2

Airport Signage/Lighting/Markings . . . . . . . .2-3

Runway Incursions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-3

Runway Hotspots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-4

Standardized Taxi Routes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-4

Runway Safety Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-6

Takeoff Minimums . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-6

Takeoff Minimums for Commercial Operators . .2-8

Operations Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-8

Head-Up Guidance System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-8

Plik z chomika:

Inne pliki z tego folderu:

Inne foldery tego chomika: