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Learning PHP, MySQL, and
JavaScript
Robin Nixon
Beijing
Cambridge
Farnham
Köln
Sebastopol
Taipei
Tokyo
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Learning PHP, MySQL, and JavaScript
by Robin Nixon
Copyright © 2009 Robin Nixon. All rights reserved.
Printed in the United States of America.
Published by O’Reilly Media, Inc., 1005 Gravenstein Highway North, Sebastopol, CA 95472.
O’Reilly books may be purchased for educational, business, or sales promotional use. Online editions
are also available for most titles ( http://my.safaribooksonline.com ). For more information, contact our
corporate/institutional sales department: (800) 998-9938 or corporate@oreilly.com .
Editor: Andy Oram
Production Editor: Sumita Mukherji
Copyeditor: Nancy Kotary
Proofreader: Kiel Van Horn
Indexer: Ellen Troutman Zaig
Cover Designer: Karen Montgomery
Interior Designer: David Futato
Illustrator: Robert Romano
Printing History:
July 2009:
First Edition.
Nutshell Handbook, the Nutshell Handbook logo, and the O’Reilly logo are registered trademarks of
O’Reilly Media, Inc. Learning PHP, MySQL, and JavaScript , the image of sugar gliders, and related trade
dress are trademarks of O’Reilly Media, Inc.
Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as
trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and O’Reilly Media, Inc., was aware of a
trademark claim, the designations have been printed in caps or initial caps.
While every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this book, the publisher and author assume
no responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from the use of the information con-
tained herein.
TM
This book uses RepKover™, a durable and flexible lay-flat binding.
ISBN: 978-0-596-15713-5
[M]
1246467361
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Table of Contents
Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii
1.
Introduction to Dynamic Web Content . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
HTTP and HTML: Berners-Lee’s Basics
2
The Request/Response Procedure
2
The Benefits of PHP, MySQL, and JavaScript
5
Using PHP
5
Using MySQL
6
Using JavaScript
7
The Apache Web Server
8
About Open Source
9
Bringing It All Together
9
Test Your Knowledge: Questions
11
2.
Setting Up a Development Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
What Is a WAMP, MAMP, or LAMP?
13
Installing a WAMP on Windows
14
Overcoming Installation Problems
14
Testing the Installation
16
Alternative WAMPs
18
Installing a MAMP on Mac OS X
19
Some Final Tweaking
24
Other Alternatives
25
Installing a LAMP on Linux
25
Working Remotely
26
Logging In
27
Using FTP
27
Using a Program Editor
28
Using an IDE
30
Test Your Knowledge: Questions
32
iii
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3.
Introduction to PHP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Incorporating PHP Within HTML
33
Calling the PHP Parser
34
This Book’s Examples
35
The Structure of PHP
36
Using Comments
36
Basic Syntax
37
Understanding Variables
38
Operators
42
Variable Assignment
45
Multiple-Line Commands
47
Variable Typing
49
Constants
50
The Difference Between the echo and print Commands
51
Functions
52
Variable Scope
53
Test Your Knowledge: Questions
58
4.
Expressions and Control Flow in PHP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Expressions
61
Literals and Variables
62
Operators
63
Operator Precedence
64
Associativity
66
Relational Operators
67
Conditionals
70
The if Statement
71
The else Statement
72
The elseif Statement
73
The switch Statement
74
The ? Operator
77
Looping
78
while Loops
78
do...while Loops
80
for Loops
81
Breaking Out of a Loop
83
The continue Statement
84
Implicit and Explicit Casting
84
PHP Dynamic Linking
85
Dynamic Linking in Action
86
Test Your Knowledge: Questions
87
iv
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Table of Contents
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