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EYEWITNESS HISTORY
World War I
Rodney P. Carlisle
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N OTE ON P HOTOS
Many of the illustrations and photographs used in this book are old, historical
images. The quality of the prints is not always up to modern standards, as in many
cases the originals are damaged. The content of the illustrations, however, made
their inclusion important despite problems in reproduction.
World War I
Copyright © 2007 by Rodney P. Carlisle
Maps copyright © 2007 by Infobase Publishing
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage or
retrieval systems, without permission in writing from the publisher. For information contact:
Facts On File, Inc.
An imprint of Infobase Publishing
132 West 31st Street
New York NY 10001
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Carlisle, Rodney P.
World War I / Rodney P. Carlisle.
p. cm.—(Eyewitness history)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN0-8160-6061-4
1. World War, 1914–1918. 2. World War, 1914–1918—Sources. I. Title: World War One. II. Title:
World War 1. III. Title. IV. Series.
D521.C43552006
940.3—dc22
2005027236
Facts On File books are available at special discounts when purchased in bulk quantities for
businesses, associations, institutions, or sales promotions. Please call our Special Sales Department in
New York at (212) 967-8800 or (800) 322-8755.
You can find Facts On File on the World Wide Web at http://www.factsonfile.com
Text design by Joan M. McEvoy
Cover design by Cathy Rincon
Maps by Sholto Ainslie
Printed in the United States of America
VB JM 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
This book is printed on acid-free paper.
C ONTENTS
Acknowledgments
v
Author’s Preface
vii
1. The Spark and the Fuel: 1903–August 1914
1
2. First Battles and the Western Front Stalemate:
August 1914–November 1915
28
3. The Early War on and beneath the Sea:
August 1914–December 1916
59
4. Gallipoli and Arabia: October 1914–November 1918
83
5. The Eastern Front and Russia: August 1914–March 1918
114
6. Debacles on the Western Front: December 1915–December 1916
141
7. Woodrow Wilson and the Dilemmas of Neutrality:
August 1914–January 1917
162
8. U.S. Entry into the War: November 1916–April 1917
192
9. The Home Front in the United States:
April 1917–November 1918
216
10. The Calculus of Death: January 1917–November 1918
248
11. The Peace Conference and the Treaty of Versailles:
November 11, 1918–March 4, 1921
276
12. Lost Generation in the 1920s: 1919–1927
301
Appendix A: Documents
323
Appendix B: Biographies of Major Personalities
366
Appendix C: Maps and Table
405
Appendix D: Glossary
423
Notes
427
Bibliography
428
Index
438
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