exbd1_e.pdf

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Preface

SIMATIC Principles of explosion protection

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Product overview

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Planning

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Commissioning (hardware)

SIMATIC

Principles of explosion protection

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Repair and maintenance

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Appendix

System Manual

Edition 04/2005

A5E00206201-02

Safety Guidelines

This manual contains notices you have to observe in order to ensure your personal safety, as well as to prevent

damage to property. The notices referring to your personal safety are highlighted in the manual by a safety alert

symbol, notices referring only to property damage have no safety alert symbol. These notices shown below are

graded according to the degree of danger.

Danger

indicates that death or severe personal injury will result if proper precautions are not taken.

Warning

indicates that death or severe personal injury may result if proper precautions are not taken.

Caution

with a safety alert symbol, indicates that minor personal injury can result if proper precautions are not taken.

Caution

without a safety alert symbol, indicates that property damage can result if proper precautions are not taken.

Notice

indicates that an unintended result or situation can occur if the corresponding information is not taken into

account.

If more than one degree of danger is present, the warning notice representing the highest degree of danger will

be used. A notice warning of injury to persons with a safety alert symbol may also include a warning relating to

property damage.

Qualified Personnel

The device/system may only be set up and used in conjunction with this documentation. Commissioning and

operation of a device/system may only be performed by qualified personnel. Within the context of the safety notes

in this documentation qualified persons are defined as persons who are authorized to commission, ground and

label devices, systems and circuits in accordance with established safety practices and standards.

Prescribed Usage

Note the following:

Warning

This device may only be used for the applications described in the catalog or the technical description and only in

connection with devices or components from other manufacturers which have been approved or recommended

by Siemens. Correct, reliable operation of the product requires proper transport, storage, positioning and

assembly as well as careful operation and maintenance.

Trademarks

All names identified by ® are registered trademarks of the Siemens AG. The remaining trademarks in this

publication may be trademarks whose use by third parties for their own purposes could violate the rights of the

owner.

Disclaimer of Liability

We have reviewed the contents of this publication to ensure consistency with the hardware and software

described. Since variance cannot be precluded entirely, we cannot guarantee full consistency. However, the

information in this publication is reviewed regularly and any necessary corrections are included in subsequent

editions.

Siemens AG

Automation and Drives

Postfach 48 48

90437 NÜRNBERG

GERMANY

Order No.: A5E00206201-02

Edition 08/2005

Technical data subject to change

Table of contents

Preface................................................................................................................................................... 1-1

1.1

Preface....................................................................................................................................... 1-1

Product overview.................................................................................................................................... 2-1

2.1 Preface....................................................................................................................................... 2-1

2.2 Explosive atmosphere................................................................................................................ 2-2

2.2.1 Definition.................................................................................................................................... 2-2

2.2.2 Technical explosive characteristics ........................................................................................... 2-2

2.2.2.1 Gases......................................................................................................................................... 2-2

2.2.2.2 Dusts.......................................................................................................................................... 2-3

2.2.2.3 Concentration of flammable substances.................................................................................... 2-4

2.2.3

Presence of a hazardous amount.............................................................................................. 2-6

2.2.4

Efficiency of the ignition source ................................................................................................. 2-6

2.3

Protective measures .................................................................................................................. 2-7

Planning.................................................................................................................................................. 3-1

3.1 Directives and standards ........................................................................................................... 3-1

3.1.1 Overview of world regulations.................................................................................................... 3-1

3.1.2 Legal principles of explosion protection..................................................................................... 3-2

3.1.2.1 Worldwide harmonisation........................................................................................................... 3-2

3.1.2.2 EU Directives ............................................................................................................................. 3-3

3.1.2.3 National laws and ordinances.................................................................................................... 3-5

3.1.2.4 Explosion protection guidelines (EX guidelines) of the occupational safety association........... 3-5

3.1.3 Standards................................................................................................................................... 3-6

3.1.3.1 Overview.................................................................................................................................... 3-6

3.1.3.2 EU standards ............................................................................................................................. 3-7

3.1.3.3 National standards..................................................................................................................... 3-7

3.1.3.4 International standards ............................................................................................................ 3-10

3.1.3.5 NAMUR.................................................................................................................................... 3-11

3.2 Certificates, Certification Processes and Product Conformity................................................. 3-12

3.2.1 Certificates............................................................................................................................... 3-12

3.2.2 European Union....................................................................................................................... 3-12

3.2.2.1 EU declaration of conformity and CE symbol.......................................................................... 3-12

3.2.2.2 EU design test certificate......................................................................................................... 3-13

3.2.2.3 Inspection bodies in the EU..................................................................................................... 3-14

3.2.3

North America.......................................................................................................................... 3-15

3.2.4

Russian Federation.................................................................................................................. 3-15

3.2.5

Switzerland............................................................................................................................... 3-15

3.2.6

IECEx Scheme......................................................................................................................... 3-16

3.3 Secondary Explosion Protection.............................................................................................. 3-16

3.3.1 Basic principles........................................................................................................................ 3-16

3.3.2 Division..................................................................................................................................... 3-16

3.3.3 Ignition protection types........................................................................................................... 3-19

3.3.3.1 Basic principles........................................................................................................................ 3-19

3.3.3.2 Increased safety e.................................................................................................................... 3-20

Principles of explosion protection

System Manual, Edition 04/2005, A5E00206201-02

iii

Table of contents

3.3.3.3 Flameproof enclosure d ........................................................................................................... 3-21

3.3.3.4 Pressurising p .......................................................................................................................... 3-22

3.3.3.5 Inherent safety i........................................................................................................................ 3-23

3.3.3.6 Oil immersion o ........................................................................................................................ 3-24

3.3.3.7 Sand filling q............................................................................................................................. 3-25

3.3.3.8 Encapsulation m....................................................................................................................... 3-26

3.3.3.9 Ignition protection type n.......................................................................................................... 3-27

3.3.3.10 Ignition protection types for dust explosion protection............................................................. 3-28

3.3.4 Device groups, explosion groups............................................................................................. 3-29

3.3.4.1 Device groups .......................................................................................................................... 3-29

3.3.4.2 Explosion groups...................................................................................................................... 3-29

3.3.5 Temperature classes................................................................................................................ 3-30

3.3.6 Explosion protection of non-electric equipment....................................................................... 3-31

3.4 Identification of Explosion-Protected Equipment ..................................................................... 3-32

3.4.1 Identification of the equipment................................................................................................. 3-32

3.4.2 Identification by zones.............................................................................................................. 3-32

3.4.3 Identification by divisions ......................................................................................................... 3-35

3.4.4 Examples of identification of explosion-protected equipment.................................................. 3-38

3.4.5 Housing/enclosure protection types......................................................................................... 3-40

3.4.5.1 IP protection types according to EN 60529 (IEC 60529)......................................................... 3-40

3.4.5.2 Housing/enclosure protection types according to ANSI / NEMA 250 (USA)........................... 3-41

3.5 Ignition Protection Type Inherent Safety i................................................................................ 3-42

3.5.1 General..................................................................................................................................... 3-42

3.5.2 Basic principles of the ignition protection type inherent safety i .............................................. 3-43

3.5.2.1 Functional principle .................................................................................................................. 3-43

3.5.2.2 Ignition limit curves................................................................................................................... 3-45

3.5.3 Equipment in the inherently safe electrical circuit.................................................................... 3-49

3.5.4 Separator circuits ..................................................................................................................... 3-51

3.5.5 Interconnection in the inherently safe electrical circuit ............................................................ 3-54

3.5.5.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 3-54

3.5.5.2 Interconnection of two inherently safe items of equipment or one inherently safe and one

associated item of equipment .................................................................................................. 3-54

3.5.5.3 Interconnections with more than one item of associated or active equipment........................ 3-55

3.5.5.4 Example 1 of interconnecting two inherently safe items of equipment.................................... 3-55

3.5.5.5 Example 2 of interconnecting two inherently safe items of equipment.................................... 3-57

3.5.5.6 Example of interconnecting an inherently safe item of equipment with an associated

item of equipment..................................................................................................................... 3-59

Commissioning (hardware)..................................................................................................................... 4-1

4.1 Fitting electrical systems............................................................................................................ 4-1

4.1.1 Fitting in Zone 1 ......................................................................................................................... 4-1

4.1.1.1 Areas of Zone 1.......................................................................................................................... 4-1

4.1.1.2 Protection against accidental contact and equipotential bonding.............................................. 4-2

4.1.1.3 Cables and leads ....................................................................................................................... 4-3

4.1.1.4 Inherently safe equipment in Zone 1.......................................................................................... 4-3

4.1.1.5 ET 200iSP in Zone 1.................................................................................................................. 4-5

4.1.2 Fitting in Zone 21 ....................................................................................................................... 4-6

4.1.2.1 Areas of Zone 21........................................................................................................................ 4-6

4.1.2.2 Cables and leads ....................................................................................................................... 4-7

4.1.2.3 Inherently safe equipment in Zone 21........................................................................................ 4-8

4.1.2.4 ET 200iSP in Zone 21.............................................................................................................. 4-10

4.1.3 Fitting in Zone 0 and Zone 20.................................................................................................. 4-11

4.1.3.1 Fitting in Zone 0 and Zone 20.................................................................................................. 4-11

4.1.4 Fitting in Zone 2 ....................................................................................................................... 4-12

4.1.4.1 Areas of Zone 2........................................................................................................................ 4-12

4.1.4.2 ET 200iSP in Zone 2................................................................................................................ 4-13

Principles of explosion protection

System Manual, Edition 04/2005, A5E00206201-02

Table of contents

4.1.4.3 S7-300, ET 200M and ET 200S in Zone 2............................................................................... 4-15

4.1.4.4 S7-300 Ex assemblies............................................................................................................. 4-17

4.1.5 Fitting in Zone 22 ..................................................................................................................... 4-18

4.1.5.1 Areas of Zone 22 ..................................................................................................................... 4-18

4.1.5.2 ET 200iSP in Zone 22.............................................................................................................. 4-19

4.2

Bus Systems in the Ex Area .................................................................................................... 4-20

4.2.1

PROFIBUS............................................................................................................................... 4-20

4.2.2

Inherently safe field bus PROFIBUS PA.................................................................................. 4-21

4.2.3

PROFIBUS RS 485-IS............................................................................................................. 4-24

4.2.4

Fieldbus Foundation (FF bus).................................................................................................. 4-28

Repair and maintenance......................................................................................................................... 5-1

5.1

Operation, maintenance, malfunctions and repair of electrical systems ................................... 5-1

5.1.1

Operation and maintenance....................................................................................................... 5-1

5.1.2

Malfunction................................................................................................................................. 5-2

5.1.3

Repair......................................................................................................................................... 5-2

Appendix................................................................................................................................................ .A-1

A.1

Safety Specifications.................................................................................................................. A-1

A.2

Verification of inherent safety..................................................................................................... A-3

A.3

Equipment in areas with dust clouds ......................................................................................... A-5

A.4

Equipment in areas with dust clouds ......................................................................................... A-5

A.5

Bibliography ............................................................................................................................... A-7

Glossary ..................................................................................................................................... Glossary-1

Index................................................................................................................................................ Index-1

Tables

Table 4-1

PROFIBUS RS 485-IS segment.............................................................................................. 4-27

Table A-1

Inherently safe electrical equipment .......................................................................................... A-3

Table A-2

Regulation for calculating cable length...................................................................................... A-4

Table A-3

Calculation of the maximum cable length.................................................................................. A-4

Principles of explosion protection

System Manual, Edition 04/2005, A5E00206201-02

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