Home-Network-mini-HOWTO.pdf

Home−Network−mini−HOWTO

Table of Contents

Red Hat Linux 6.X as an Internet Gateway for a Home Network. ................................................................1

Paul Ramsey <pramsey@refractions.net>.. ............................................................................................1

1. Introduction. ..........................................................................................................................................1

2. Plugging Things In. ...............................................................................................................................1

3. Configuring Networking. ......................................................................................................................1

4. Configuring Masquerading. ..................................................................................................................1

5. Problems. ..............................................................................................................................................2

1. Introduction. ..........................................................................................................................................2

1.1 Versions. ............................................................................................................................................2

1.2 Copyright. ..........................................................................................................................................3

2. Plugging Things In. ...............................................................................................................................3

2.1 With a Hub. ........................................................................................................................................3

2.2 Without a Hub. ...................................................................................................................................4

2.3 With Only One Network Card. ..........................................................................................................4

3. Configuring Networking. ......................................................................................................................4

3.1 Configuring a Network Driver. ..........................................................................................................5

Two Identical Network Cards. ...................................................................................................6

3.2 Configuring the Inside Network. .......................................................................................................6

The Network Device . .................................................................................................................6

The DHCP Server . .....................................................................................................................7

The Client Computers . ...............................................................................................................9

The DNS Server.. .......................................................................................................................9

Testing the Inside Network. .....................................................................................................10

3.3 Configuring the Outside Network. ...................................................................................................10

With a Static IP . .......................................................................................................................11

With DHCP. .............................................................................................................................11

Quirks and Anomalies .............................................................................................................12

PPP Over Ethernet (PPPoE) . ...................................................................................................12

Stupid DHCP Tricks . ...............................................................................................................12

Road Runner . ...........................................................................................................................12

Looking at the Network Entries. ..............................................................................................13

3.4 Security. ...........................................................................................................................................14

4. Configuring Masquerading. ................................................................................................................14

5. Problems. ............................................................................................................................................15

5.1 ICQ Does Not Work. .......................................................................................................................16

5.2 I Have Caldera 2.X Not Red Hat 6.X. .............................................................................................16

5.3 I Want One of My Internal Machines to be my Web Server. ..........................................................16

Red Hat Linux 6.X as an Internet Gateway for a

Home Network

Paul Ramsey <pramsey@refractions.net>

June 22, 2000

A simple tutorial on configuring Red Hat 6 and related variants to operate as an internet gateway to a small

home or office network. Topics covered include masquerading, DNS, DHCP, and basic security.

1. Introduction

1.1 Versions

1.2 Copyright

2. Plugging Things In

2.1 With a Hub

2.2 Without a Hub

2.3 With Only One Network Card

3. Configuring Networking

· 3.1 Configuring a Network Driver

3.2 Configuring the Inside Network

3.3 Configuring the Outside Network

3.4 Security

4. Configuring Masquerading

Red Hat Linux 6.X as an Internet Gateway for a Home Network

Home−Network−mini−HOWTO

5. Problems

5.1 ICQ Does Not Work

5.2 I Have Caldera 2.X Not Red Hat 6.X

5.3 I Want One of My Internal Machines to be my Web Server

1. Introduction

This page contains a simple cookbook for setting up Red Hat 6.X as an internet gateway for a home network

or small office network. The instructions are very simplified: no special cases will be discussed, and some

assumptions will be made about which network addresses are to be used. The most important assumptions

are:

You have a fulltime Cable or ADSL connection to the Internet.

You can successfully install Red Hat 6.X on at least one of your computers. Note that these directions

are also valid for Red Hat derivatives, such as Mandrake 6.X which is distributed by MacMillan

Publishing under a variety of labels.

Your Linux computer has two network cards installed in it and both are compatible with Linux.

You have an ethernet hub if you are networking more than one computer or a cross−over cable if you

are only networking one computer.

You know how to edit text files on your Linux machine.

· You can log into your machine as root . You know how to install RPM packages from your Linux

CDROM.

If you do not meet any of these assumptions, then this document probably isn't for you.

There is nothing special that you have to do during the installation process. Simply choose an installation

which makes sense for you and go for it. This document gives directions on installing everything to do with

networking from scratch, to avoid making any assumptions about what was installed or configured during

installation. To ensure that things work and there is no confusion about what information goes where, all the

configuration will be done by directly editing the system configuration files rather than using the GUI

configuration tools provided with Red Hat. On the one hand, this might be a little harder than it has to be; on

the other hand, your knowledge will be a good deal more transferable to different distributions and situations

(like, what if X doesn't work, or you are setting up a headless server).

1.1 Versions

The latest version of this document should always be available at

http://www.coastnet.com/~pramsey/linux/homenet.html for the HTML version and

http://www.coastnet.com/~pramsey/linux/homenet.sgml for the SGML version.

December 21, 1999 : First version.

January 2, 2000 : Incorporated suggestions from John Mellor on outside networking quirks.

· January 22, 2000 : Minor update about identical network cards and info on IP aliasing from Chris

Lea.

5.Problems

Home−Network−mini−HOWTO

March 16, 2000 : Some information on name server security and on supporting Caldera from Nelson

Gibbs.

June 22, 1000 : Red Hat 6.2 configuration quirk documented. More PPPoE info from Kerr First.

1.2 Copyright

This manual may be reproduced in whole or in part, without fee, subject to the following restrictions:

The copyright notice above and this permission notice must be preserved complete on all complete or

partial copies.

Any translation or derived work must be approved by the author in writing before distribution.

· If you distribute this work in part, instructions for obtaining the complete version of this manual must

be included, and a means for obtaining a complete version provided.

Small portions may be reproduced as illustrations for reviews or quotes in other works without this

permission notice if proper citation is given.

Exceptions to these rules may be granted for academic purposes: Write to the author and ask. These

restrictions are here to protect us as authors, not to restrict you as learners and educators.

2. Plugging Things In

Depending on whether you are using a hub or not, your network topology will differ slightly. I am only

covering networking with RJ45 cabling (the stuff that looks like phone cables on steroids) and not covering

thin coax. With thin coax you can network multiple machines without requiring a hub, but have to be more

careful about terminating connections and so on. If you know networking already, these instructions will be

largely redundant.

2.1 With a Hub

If you have a hub, your network will look like this .

Connect the eth0 card on the Linux box to the cable modem or ADSL box using the cable supplied by the

service provider during their install (or one you know works in that configuration. This is important because

sometimes cable modems like to be connected with a crossover and sometimes they like a straight−through

through cable: the one the company gives you is the one you want to use.

Connect the eth1 card on the Linux box to the hub with a straight−through cable. Connect all your other

computers to the hub with straight−through cables.

1.2 Copyright

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