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RZ_Olivenöl Zentrifuge_engl.qxp

High quality separation technology

FLOTTWEG CENTRIFUGES

for olive oil production

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FLOTTWEG CENTRIFUGES

for olive oil production

The production of olive oil has

occurred since antiquity.

Ancient olive-oil making was

strictly done by hand. Later

on, simple machines such as

mechanical presses and pan

grinders driven by human or

animal power were used. The

separation of oil, fruit water, and

pulp was done by static settling.

At the present time, making

olive oil is a continuous process

using modern machinery.

At FLOTTWEG there has since

been constant development in

order to improve the DECANTER

performance in terms of oil

yield, throughput capacity, and

machine lifetime. During this

time, FLOTTWEG has delivered

thousands of DECANTERS and

TRICANTERS ® to all olive oil

producing countries in the world.

In the early 1970s, FLOTTWEG

was one of the first companies

to introduce DECANTERS to the

olive oil production process,

replacing the existing hydraulic

press method.

The olive oil process

Olive oil processing

Prior to processing, olives are

cleaned from leaves, bits of

branches, stones, soil, and ot-

her impurities. Then a mash is

produced by crushing the oli-

ves and the olive stones. This

mash is conveyed to the mala-

xer or kneading mill. Through

malaxing, the oil is released

from the oil cells by which it is

encapsulated. The malaxing

procedure is critical for oil yield

and oil quality. The parameters

of influence are holding time

and temperature. Then the mash

is pumped to the FLOTTWEG

DECANTER (2-phase) or

TRICANTER ® (3-phase)

for separation. In the

TRICANTER ® (3-phase),

the mash is separated into oil,

fruit water and solids, i. e., olive

stone debris and pulp. On the

way to the TRICANTER ® , dilu-

tion water is added to the feed

in order to fluidize the mash. In

the 2-phase process, the mash

is separated into oil as liquid

phase and solid phase (pom-

ace) consisting of olive stone

debris, pulp and fruit water. The

2-phase process requires very

little or no dilution water in the

2

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feed to the DECANTER. The oil

from the FLOTTWEG

DECANTER or TRICANTER ®

is then polished using a disc

stack centrifuge, which sepa-

rates the residual amount of

water and solid impurities to

obtain a clean oil. In the 3-

phase process, a second disc

stack centrifuge is used to

recover the residual oil from

the water phase.

The advantage of the 2-phase

process is low water consump-

tion and a low amount of waste

water produced, however, the

solid phase turns out to be a

highly humid paste difficult for

further processing, such as

thermal drying and solvent ex-

traction of residual oil. Conver-

sely, in the 3-phase process,

the solid phase is significantly

dryer and easier to handle for

transportation and processing.

Water consumption and relat-

ed waste water production is

noticeably higher than using

the 2-phase process. The de-

cision of whether to apply 2- or

3-phase processing depends

on local and individual circum-

stances.

again via a second stage.

Generally, for the second ex-

traction the same kind of

equipment is used as for the

first extraction. In some cases

there is a de-pitter to separate

the stone debris from the pulp

prior to the second extraction.

The products after the second

extraction are oil for refining or

industrial use depending on the

quality, husk for incineration

(fuel), pulp for fertilizer and

black water for depuration.

In the pomace from the extrac-

tion there is still a certain amount

of residual oil. In order to recover

this oil, the pomace is extracted

heavy phase discharge

under pressure

feed inlet

feed inlet

solids discharge

discharge by gravity

solids discharge

light phase discharge by gravity

FLOTTWEG DECANTER for 2-phase separation

FLOTTWEG TRICANTER ® for 3-phase separation

FLOTTWEG DECANTER / TRICANTER ®

for olive oil extraction

The essential part of the

FLOTTWEG DECANTER/

TRICANTER ® is the rotating part,

consisting of a cylindrical/con-

ical bowl with a conveyor scroll

inside which rotates at a differ-

ential speed. The rotating part

is driven by electric motors via

belt transmission.

Feed enters the bowl through a

central feed pipe. Through ports

in the scroll body, the feed pas-

ses into the bowl where separa-

tion by centrifugal force takes

place. In a DECANTER, the pro-

duct is separated into a liquid pha-

se (oil) and a solid phase (stone

debris, pulp and fruit water).

In a TRICANTER ® the product

is separated into a light liquid

phase (oil), a heavy liquid

phase (water), and a solid

phase (stone debris and pulp).

The discharge of the separated

oil is done by gravity in both ca-

ses, whereas in a TRICANTER ® ,

the separated water phase is

discharged by an impeller un-

der pressure or by gravity.

The separated solids are con-

veyed by the scroll to the con-

ical end of the bowl and are

discharged.

3

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FLOTTWEG DISC STACK CENTRIFUGES

for optimum olive oil purification

Disc stack centrifuges with

a self cleaning bowl are used

for the separation of oil, water,

and solids. Via a fixed feed

pipe, the product to be sepa-

rated enters the inside of the

bowl which rotates at high

speed. The product flow is

divided into multiple thin layers

by the disc stack and a large

surface is created. From the

disc stack the separated liquids

flow to the upper part of the

bowl where oil is discharged

under pressure via impeller.

The separated water leaves the

bowl by gravity over a ring dam.

Due to high centrifugal force,

the separated solids are

packed tightly against the

bowl wall. Using a hydraulic

system in the bowl bottom the

separated solids are ejected at

full speed. The hydraulic sys-

tem of the FLOTTWEG AC-

centrifuge enables total and

partial bowl discharges.

The opening/closing procedure

is released by a pulse of oper-

ation water directly before the

discharge. Solenoid valves pro-

vide an exact proportioning of

the operation water.

FLOTTWEG SEPARATOR AC1500

Separator bowl for 3-phase separation

For power transmission

there is a sturdy and low-

maintenance belt drive.

The drive-motor control via

frequency converter ensures

smooth acceleration up to

operational speed and genera-

tor braking.

All monitoring and control

functions of the centrifuge

are handled by a modern

PLC control unit.

4

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With the first separation

by means of FLOTTWEG

DECANTER/TRICANTER ® ,

the second separation via

FLOTTWEG DISC STACK

CENTRIFUGES is critical for

oil quality, yield, and overall

efficiency.

The FLOTTWEG DISC STACK

CENTRIFUGES AC-series per-

form both partial and total bowl

discharge in any combination.

The operation is fully automated

via PLC. Using automatic

valves for feed and water, the

oil content in the bowl is dis-

placed by water prior to bowl

discharge. Operation via partial

discharge results in virtually

no oil loss. Using the total dis-

charge, the bowl stays clean

for an extended period of time.

Depending on olive quality and

operational circumstances,

the most suitable combination

can easily be programmed.

FLOTTWEG SEPARATOR AC1510

Operator panel

Benefits

Reduced air contact

by closed construction of feed

and oil discharge (via impeller).

Virtually no oil loss during

bowl discharge

by fully automated partial dis-

charge and oil displacement.

Operation friendly

continuous and automatic

operation by control via PLC.

Reduced downtime

by enhanced cleaning

capability.

5

® = registered trademark

in various countries

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