PDR.for.Herbal.Medicines.2nd.ed.pdf

PDR

for Herbal

Medicines"

SCIENTIFIC EDITORS

Joerg Gruenwald, PhD

Thomas Brendler, BA

Christof Jaenicke, MD

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Mohammed Hamid, MS, RPh

Joseph Nathan, RPh

Kavitha Pareddy, MS, RPh

Joyce Case Potter

Kathleen Rodgers, RPh

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publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, resold, redistributed, or transmitted in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical,

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ISBN: 1-56363-361-2

Contents

Foreword

Lists all scientific, common, and brand names found in the herbal monographs.

i-i

Therapeutic Category Index

1-45

Groups herbs by therapeutic or medicinal category. Listings are alphabetical by category and accepted

common name. Herbs deemed effective by Commission E are flagged for quick recognition.

Lists herbs by their primary indications. Entries are alphabetical by indication and accepted common

name. Herbs deemed effective by Commission E are specially flagged.

1-81

Homeopathic Indications Index

1-131

Catalogs herbal applications in homeopathy. Entries are alphabetical by indication and scientific name.

Groups herbs by their therapeutic uses in Chinese and Indian medicine.

Listings are alphabetical by indication and accepted common name.

1-141

Groups herbs by the adverse reactions with which they have been associated.

Listings are alphabetical by reaction and accepted common name.

1-161

Drug/Herb Interactions Guide

1-179

Lists problem combinations alphabetically by the name of the drug and the name of the interacting herb,

and provides a brief description of each combination's potential effect.

Lists herbs that must be avoided while pregnant or nursing, and herbs that should be used only under

professional supervision. Includes all scientific, common, and brand names.

1-191

Manufacturers Index

1-203

Provides contact information for each supplier whose products appear in the monographs.

Herb Identification Guide

G-l

Permits rapid, positive identification of unknown botanicals.

Includes nearly 400 full-color photos.

Product Identification Guide

G-27

Present photos of a representative group of popular commercial formulations.

Herbal Monographs

Profiles of 700 medicinal herbs, including trade names, description, actions, indications, contraindications,

precautions, adverse effects, overdosage, dosage, and literature citations.

Organized alphabetically by accepted common name, and cross-referenced by scientific name.

Glossary

849

A key to the specialized botanical nomenclature and other unfamiliar terminology employed in the herbal monographs.

Poison Control Centers

855

Alphabetical Index

Indications Index

Asian Indications Index

Side Effects Index

Safety Guide

PDR FOR HERBAL MEDICINES

Foreword

With 150,000 copies of its first edition in print, PDR

for Herbal Medicines has almost instantly become one

of the nation's leading pharmacological references.

The reasons for its phenomenal reception are evident.

Hundreds of herbal remedies now fill the shelves in

virtually every supermarket and pharmacy, and the

popularity of self-medication with "natural" supple-

ments continues to rise, making the benefits—and

risks—of these preparations an ever more compelling

concern.

ing—the findings of the German Regulatory

Authority's herbal watchdog agency, commonly called

"Commission E." This agency has conducted an

intensive assessment of the peer-reviewed literature on

some 300 common botanicals, weighing the quality of

the clinical evidence and identifying the uses for

which the herb can reasonably be considered effective.

Its conclusions represent the best expert consensus on

medicinal herbs currently available.

Now, to better address the host of questions that still

surround most herbal remedies. Physicians' Desk

Reference® is proud to present this completely revised

and updated second edition of PDR for Herbal

Medicines. Significantly enhanced and expanded, this

new edition extends both the range and depth of the

original volume. Among the many improvements

you'll find:

For the herbs not considered by Commission E, PDR

for Herbal Medicines provides the results of an

exhaustive literature review conducted by the respect-

ed PhytoPharm U.S. Institute of Phytopharmaceuticals

under the direction of noted botanist, Dr. Joerg

Gruenwald. These additional monographs, now some

400 in number, provide a detailed introduction to an

array of exotic botanicals that you'll be hard pressed

to find in any other source.

• Broader Coverage: With some 100 new entries,

the book now covers a total of 700 botanicals, includ-

ing a wide selection of popular Chinese herbs.

• More Research Data: Hundreds of entries have

been augmented with additional information on safety

and efficacy.

• Additional Adverse Effects: The entries include

new information on drug/herb interactions. The Side

Effects and Interactions indices have been enriched

and expanded

• Available Formulations: Whenever applicable,

the herbal monographs now list the names and suppli-

ers of popular commercial preparations.

• New Indices: The index section has been enhanced

with four additional indices:

— Homeopathic Indications Index

— Asian Indications Index

— Safety Guide

— Manufacturers Index

• Better Organization: In this edition, remedies

appear under their more familiar common name,

instead of their botanical designation. All monographs

are cross-referenced by scientific name.

To make the information in the monographs as useful

and accessible as possible, PDR® has echoed the struc-

ture of standard U.S. product labeling. Each mono-

graph contains up to ten standard sections, covering

considerations ranging from description to dosage.

Here's a closer look at what you will find:

• Title: Each monograph begins with the herb's

generally accepted common name, followed by its

scientific name. In addition, all monographs are cross-

referenced by their botanical designation.

• Trade Names: Listed here are common commer-

cial preparations of the herb.

• Description: This section provides a detailed

botanical overview of the herb, including information

on its medicinal parts; flower and fruit; leaves, stem,

and root; unique characteristics, habitat, production,

related plants, and additional common names and syn-

onyms.

• Actions and Pharmacology: Here you'll find data

on the active compounds or heterogeneous mixtures

found in the plant, followed by a summary of the

herb's clinical effects. If various parts of the plant

possess different pharmacological activity, the parts

are discussed individually, here and throughout the

remainder of the monograph.

One important aspect of the first edition does, howev-

er, remain constant. Because it is still extremely hard

to come by reliable information on the swarm of

unregulated "dietary supplements" in today's market-

place, this new edition continues to provide you with

the closest available analog to FDA-approved label-

FOREWORD

• Indications and Usage: Information on the uses

of the herb is listed under five categories, as applica-

ble:

— Approved by Commission E

— Unproven Uses

— Chinese Medicine

— Indian Medicine

— Homeopathic

Approved uses are presented in list fashion. Other

uses are described with provisos as necessary regard-

ing route and form of administration.

To assist you in quickly locating the information you

require, the monographs have been indexed by name,

therapeutic category, general indications, homeopathic

indications, Asian indications, and side effects. To aid

you in evaluating potential risk, a drug/herb interac-

tion guide and a safety guide are also included. An

index of manufacturers completes the set. Here's an

overview of what each index provides: .

• Alphabetical Index: This index includes all scien-

tific, common, and brand names found in the herbal

monographs, together with appropriate page numbers.

• Contraindications: Although most natural reme-

dies can be used under all medical circumstances, a

few pharmacologically potent herbs must be avoided

in the presence of certain medical conditions. If any

such contraindications exist, they are summarized

here.

• Therapeutic Category Index: This index lists the

monographs and their page numbers, alphabetically by

accepted common name, under appropriate therapeutic

category headings. Herbs deemed effective by

Commission E are flagged with a (•) symbol at their

left. To facilitate comparison with prescription and

nonprescription drugs, PDR's standard therapeutic cat-

egories are used throughout.

• Precautions and Adverse Reactions: Found in

this section are any cautions or special considerations

regarding safe use of the herb, including any restric-

tions on use in pregnancy or childhood. Although

most herbal remedies are notably free of known side

effects, any reported in the available literature are

noted here.

• Indications Index: This index lists herbs and their

page numbers, alphabetically by accepted common

name, under their various indications. Herbs deemed

effective for the indication by Commission E are

flagged with a (•) symbol at their left. To help you

quickly identify conventional alternatives, the indica-

tion headings match those found in PDR's Indications

Index, which appears in the PDR Companion Guide™

and the PDR Electronic Library ™ CD-ROM.

• Overdosage: As we all know, "natural" is not syn-

onymous with "benign," and an overdose of many

"healing" herbs can have serious—even fatal—conse-

quences. Whenever adverse effects of overdose have

been found in the literature, they are reported here,

along with the appropriate medical interventions to be

undertaken when an overdose occurs.

• Homeopathic Indications Index: Included in this

index are only the uses found in homeopathy. Herbs,

which homeopaths typically prescribe by scientific

name, are listed here in the same manner, followed by

their accepted common name in parentheses. As in

the main indications index, headings are chosen to

match those in the PDR Companion Guide.

• Dosage: Listed here are common modes of admin-

istration, forms and strengths of available commercial

preparations, methods for preparing the natural herb,

and representative dosage recommendations drawn

from the literature. Note, however, that dosage recom-

mendations can be used only as a general guide. The

potency of individual preparations and extracts is sub-

ject to substantial variation, so the manufacturer's

directions should be consulted whenever available.

• Asian Indications Index: Entries in this index are

limited to uses found in Chinese and Indian medicine.

(Chinese entries are signified with a "C;" Indian

entries with an "I.") Herbs are listed by accepted com-

mon name. Once again, indication headings employ

the nomenclature used in the PDR Companion Guide.

• Literature: This section provides you with a

unique bibliography of the technical literature.

Because German researchers have been particularly

active in the herbal arena, you will find an unusual

number of German-language citations. However,

work in the English literature is included as well.

• Side Effects Index: In this index, you'll find a list

of all herbs associated with a given adverse reaction.

Herbs are listed alphabetically by accepted common

name, with the scientific name and page number

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