Krause Publications - Standard Catalog of German Coins 1501-Present, 3rd Edition - 2011.pdf
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Standard Catalog of
®
German
Coins
3rd Edition
1501-PRESENT
COMPILED BY
N. DOUGLAS NICOL
GEORGE S. CUHAJ, EDITOR
THOMAS MICHAEL, MARKET ANALYST
20,000
Actual-Size
Illustrations
The World’s Best-Selling Coin Books
1•
Compiled by N. Douglas Nicol
George S. Cuhaj
Thomas Michael
Merna Dudley
Editor
Market Analyst
Coordinating Editor
Deborah McCue
Kay Sanders
Merry Dudley
Database Specialist
Database & Editorial Assistant
Editorial Assistant
Special Contributor
Al Boulanger
Bullion Value (BV) Market Valuations
Valuations for all platinum, gold, palladium and silver coins of the more common, basically bullion types, or those
possessing only modest numismatic premiums are presented in this edition based on the market levels of:
$1,650
per ounce for
platinum • $1,250
per ounce for
gold • $500
per ounce for
palladium • $20
per ounce for
silver
2•
Acknowledgements
•
3
Acknowledgements
Many numismatists have contributed countless changes, which have been incorporated in this edition.
While all cannot be acknowledged here, special appreciation is extended to the following individuals and
organizations who have exhibited a special dedication — revising and verifying historical and technical
data and coin listings, reviewing market valuations and sharing digital images— for this edition.
Mitchell A. Battino
Al Boulanger
Dr. Karsten Dahmen
Jean-Paul Divo
Wilhelm R. Eglseer
Eugene Freeman
Arthur Friedberg
Ron Guth
Flemming Lyngbeck Hansen
Helmut Kahnt
Dirk Loebbers
Harald Möller
Horst-Dieter Müller
Dr. N. Douglas Nicol
Paul Nichols
Tom Passon
Dr. Andreas Schikora
Gerhard Schön
Günter Schön
Sebastian Steinbach
M. Louis Teller
Michael Wieneke
The Münzkabinett of the Staatliche Museen zu Berlin
— Auction Houses —
Aureo & Calico
Baldwin’s Auctions Ltd.
Classical Numismatic Group
Daniel Frank Sedwick, LLC
Dix, Noonan, Webb, Ltd.
Dmitry Markov Coins & Medals
Jean Elsen S.A.
Frankfurter Münzhandlung
Ira & Larry Goldberg
Coins & Collectibles, Inc.
Hauck & Aufhäuser
Heidelberg Münzhandlung
Herbert Grün
Gorny & Mosch –
Giessener Münzhandlung
Auktion Heidrun Höhn
Helios Numismatik
Heritage World Coin Auctions
Hess-Divo Ltd.
Gerhard D. Hirsch Nachfolger
Thomas Høiland Møntauktion
Fritz Rudolf Künker Münzhandlung
Leipziger Münzhandlung
LHS Numismatik AG
Maison Palombo
Auktionshaus Meister & Sonntag
Münzenhandlung Harald Möller,
GmbH
Münzen & Medaillen Deutschland,
GmbH
Moneti i Medali
Münz Zentrum Köln
Noble Numismatics, Pty. Ltd.
Numismatica Ars Classica
Numismatik Lanz München
Dr. Busso Peus Nachfolger
Ponterio & Associates
Bruun Rasmussen
Auktionshaus H.D. Rauch GmbH
Riibe Mynthandel AS
Schulman BV
Sotheby’s
Spink - Smythe
St. James Auction Ltd.
Stack’s - Coin Galleries
UBS, AG, Gold & Numismatics
Jean Vinchon Numismatique
Westfälische Auktionsgesellschaft
World Wide Coins of California
CONTRIBUTING TO THE CATALOG
SENDING SCANNED IMAGES
• Scan images with a resolution of 300 dpi
• Set size at 100%
• Scan in true 4-color
• Save images as ‘jpeg’
• Specify the state, denomination and diameter
of coin
• Send images to the editor at
George.Cuhaj@fwmedia.com
OFFERING DATA CORRECTIONS
• Refer to coins by state and catalog number
• Be as clear and specific as possible
• Send your comments to the editor at
George.Cuhaj@fwmedia.com
SUGGESTING VALUE CHANGES
• Reference the coin’s state and
catalog number
• Specify date and grade
• Explain your sources
• Send your suggestions to the market analyst
at
Tom.Michael@fwmedia.com
4 • Introduction and User’s Guide
Introduction and User’s Guide
This catalog series is designed to serve the needs of both
the novice and advanced collectors. It provides a comprehen-
sive guide to over 500 years of German State coinage. It is
generally arranged so that persons with no more than a basic
knowledge of history and a casual acquaintance with coin col-
lecting can consult it with confidence and ease. The following
explanations summarize the general practices used in preparing
this catalog's listings. However, because of specialized require-
ments, these must not be considered ironclad. Where these stan-
dards have been set aside, appropriate notations of the variations
are incorporated in that particular listing.
termark Date’ and ‘Host Coin’ date for each type. Actual date
representation follows the rules outlined above.
NUMBERING SYSTEM
Some catalog numbers assigned in this volume are based
on established references. This practice has been observed
for two reasons: First, when world coins are listed chronolog-
ically they are basically self-cataloging; second, there was no
need to confuse collectors with totally new numeric designa-
tions where appropriate systems already existed. As time pro-
gressed we found many of these established systems
incomplete and inadequate and have now replaced many with
KM prefix numbers for post 1601 dated coins and MB prefix
numbers for pre-1600 dated coins. When numbers change
appropriate cross-referencing has been provided.
Some of the coins listed in this catalog are identified or
cross-referenced by numbers assigned by R.S. Yeoman (Y#), or
slight adaptations thereof, in his Modern World Coins, and Cur-
rent Coins of the World. For the pre-Yeoman dated issues, the
numbers assigned by William D. Craig (C#) in his Coins of the
World (1750-1850 period), 3rd edition, have been applied.
ARRANGEMENT
The German States are arranged alphabetically except for
the Saxe- breakdowns, which are treated cronologically. There
is a lisiting of that order at the begining of the section, and it
is handled in the Issuer Index. Political changes or separate
issuing authorities within a state are arranged chronologically.
Diverse coinage types relating to fabrication methods, re-
evaluations, denomination systems, non-circulating catego-
ries and such have been identified, separated and arranged in
logical fashion. Chronological arrangement is employed for
most circulating coinage, i.e., Hammered coinage will nor-
mally precede Milled coinage, monetary reforms will flow in
order of their institution. Non-circulating types such as Essais,
Pieforts, Patterns, and Trial Strikes will follow the main list-
ings, as will Token coinage.
Within a coinage type coins will be listed by denomina-
tion, from smallest to largest. Numbered types within a
denomination will be ordered by their first date of issue.
DENOMINATIONS
Another basic consideration to be met in the attribution
of a coin is the determination of denomination. Since denom-
inations are usually expressed in numeric, rather than word
form on a coin, this is usually quite easily accomplished on
coins. Coins listed in this volume are generally illustrated in
actual size. Where size is critical to proper attribution, the
coin's millimeter size is indicated.
In many cases we have listed both the official denomina-
tion, and slag terms or equivelants.
Determination of a coin's currency system can also be
valuable in attributing the issue to its country of origin.
IDENTIFICATION
The most important step in the identification of a coin is
the determination of the State of Origin. This is often pre-
sented as an abbreviated Latin name of the state, after the
name of the ruler. It may also appear just as a gouping of
initials. In some cases, only through the familiarity of the
monarchical portraits, symbols and legends or indication of
currency system are they identifiable.
To assist in identification of the state, we have asembled
the Instant Identifier section to provide a point of beginning
for collectors by allowing them to compare unidentified coins
with photographic details from typical issues.
We also suggest reference to the comprehensive State and
Issuer Index.
MINTAGES
Quantities minted of each date are indicated where that
information is available and sometimes rounded off to the
nearest 10,000 pieces. On quantities of a few thousand or less,
actual mintages are generally indicated. For combined mint-
age figures the abbreviation “Inc. Above” means Included
Above, while “Inc. Below” means Included Below.
MINT AND PRIVY MARKS
The presence of distinctive, but frequently inconspicu-
ously placed, mint marks indicates the mint of issue for many
of the coins listed in this catalog. An appropriate designation
in the date listings notes the presence, if any, of a mint mark
on a particular coin type by incorporating the letter or letters
of the mint mark adjoining the date, i.e., 1883CC or 1890H.
The presence of mint and/or mintmaster's privy marks on
a coin in non-letter form is indicated by incorporating the
mint letter in lower case within parentheses adjoining the date;
i.e. 1827(a). The corresponding mark is illustrated or identi-
fied in the introduction of the corresponding German locale.
Where listings incorporate mintmaster initials, they are
always presented in capital letters separated from the date by
one character space; i.e., 1850 MF. The different mint mark
and mintmaster letters found on the coins of any country, state
or city of issue are always shown at the beginning of listings.
DATING
Coin dating is the another basic attribution consideration.
Here, the problem can be more difficult because the reading
of a coin date is subject to a specific time period. Early coins
are often dated in two or three digits. 56 and 656, are often
seen for 1656. Roman numerals are sometimes incorporated,
thus MDCLVI for 1656 is on the coin.
The date actually carried on a given coin is generally cat-
aloged here in the first column (Date). Dates listed alone in
the date column which do not actually appear on a given coin,
or dates which are known, but do not appear on the coin, are
generally enclosed by parentheses with 'ND' at the left, for
example ND(1926).
Countermarked Coinage is presented with both ‘Coun-
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