Newnes_Radio_and_RF_Engineering_Pocket_Book_3E.pdf

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Newnes Radio and RF Engineering
Pocket Book
Newnes Radio and RF Engineering
Pocket Book
3rd edition
Steve Winder
Joe Carr
OXFORD AMSTERDAM BOSTON LONDON NEW YORK PARIS
SAN DIEGO SAN FRANCISCO SINGAPORE SYDNEY TOKYO
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Newnes
An imprint of Elsevier Science
Linacre House, Jordan Hill, Oxford OX2 8DP
225 Wildwood Avenue, Woburn, MA 01801-2041
First published 1994
Reprinted 2000, 2001
Second edition 2000
Third edition 2002
Copyright 1994, 2000, 2002, Steve Winder. All rights reserved
The right of Steve Winder to be identified as the author of this work has been
asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988
No part of this publication may be reproduced in any material form
(including photocopying or storing in any medium by electronic means and
whether or not transiently or incidentally to some other use of this
publication) without the written permission of the copyright holder except in
accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act
1988 or under the terms of a licence issued by the Copyright Licensing
Agency Ltd, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London, England W1T 4LP.
Applications for the copyright holder’s written permission to reproduce any
part of this publication should be addressed to the publisher
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
ISBN 0 7506 5608 5
For information on all Newnes publications
visit our website at www.newnespress.com
Typeset by Laserwords Private Limited, Chennai, India.
Printed and bound in Great Britain
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Contents
Preface to second edition
xi
Preface to third edition
xiii
1 Propagation of radio waves
1
1.1 Frequency and wavelength
1
1.2 The radio frequency spectrum
1
1.3 The isotropic radiator
3
1.4 Formation of radio waves
3
1.5 Behaviour of radio waves
7
1.6 Methods of propagation
13
1.7 Other propagation topics
18
References
24
2 The decibel scale
25
2.1 Decibels and the logarithmic scale
25
2.2 Decibels referred to absolute values
25
3 Transmission lines
35
3.1 General considerations
35
3.2 Impedance matching
35
3.3 Base band lines
36
3.4 Balanced line hybrids
36
3.5 Radio frequency lines
37
3.6 Waveguides
45
3.7 Other transmission line considerations
47
References
51
4 Antennas
52
4.1 Antenna characteristics
52
4.2 Antenna types
56
60
4.4 Microwave antennas
69
4.5 Loop antennas
73
References
78
5 Resonant circuits
79
5.1 Series and parallel tuned circuits
79
5.2 Q factor
81
5.3 Coupled (band-pass) resonant circuits
81
References
84
v
 
vi
6 Oscillators
85
6.1 Oscillator requirements
85
6.2 Tunable oscillators
85
6.3 Quartz crystal oscillators
87
6.4 Frequency synthesizers
89
6.5 Caesium and rubidium frequency standards
93
References
94
7 Piezo-electric devices
95
7.1 Piezo-electric effect
95
97
7.3 Specifying quartz crystals
101
7.4 Filters
102
7.5 SAW filters and resonators
105
References
109
8 Bandwidth requirements and modulation
110
8.1 Bandwidth of signals at base band
110
8.2 Modulation
112
113
8.4 Digital modulation
123
8.5 Spread spectrum transmission
129
References
131
9 Frequency planning
132
9.1 International and regional planning
132
9.2 National planning
132
9.3 Designations of radio emissions
134
9.4 Bandwidth and frequency designations
135
9.5 General frequency allocations
135
9.6 Classes of radio stations
139
9.7 Radio wavebands
142
Reference
142
10 Radio equipment
143
10.1 Transmitters
143
10.2 Receivers
148
10.3 Programmable equipment
157
References
158
11 Microwave communication
159
11.1 Microwave usage
159
11.2 Propagation
159

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