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Melatonin : Biological Basis of Its Function in Health and Disease
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M EDICAL
I NTELLIGENCE
U NIT
Melatonin:
Biological Basis of Its
Function in Health and Disease
S.R. Pandi-Perumal, M.Sc.
Comprehensive Center for Sleep Medicine
Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine
Mount Sinai School of Medicine
New York, New York, U.S.A.
Daniel P. Cardinali, M.D., Ph.D.
Departamento de Fisiología
Facultad de Medicina
Universidad de Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires, Argentina
L ANDES B IOSCIENCE
G EORGETOWN , T EXAS
U.S.A.
E UREKAH . COM
A USTIN , T EXAS
U.S.A.
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M ELATONIN :
B IOLOGICAL B ASIS OF I TS F UNCTION
IN H EALTH AND D ISEASE
Medical Intelligence Unit
Eurekah.com
Landes Bioscience
Copyright ©2006 Eurekah.com
All rights reserved.
No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or
mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system,
without permission in writing from the publisher.
Printed in the U.S.A.
Please address all inquiries to the Publishers:
Eurekah.com / Landes Bioscience, 810 South Church Street, Georgetown, Texas, U.S.A. 78626
Phone: 512/ 863 7762; FAX: 512/ 863 0081
http://www.eurekah.com
http://www.landesbioscience.com
ISBN: 1-58706-244-5
While the authors, editors and publisher believe that drug selection and dosage and the specifica-
tions and usage of equipment and devices, as set forth in this book, are in accord with current
recommendations and practice at the time of publication, they make no warranty, expressed or
implied, with respect to material described in this book. In view of the ongoing research,
equipment development, changes in governmental regulations and the rapid accumulation of infor-
mation relating to the biomedical sciences, the reader is urged to carefully review and evaluate the
information provided herein.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Melatonin : biological basis of its function in health and disease / [edited by] S.R. Pandi-Perumal,
Daniel P. Cardinali.
p. ; cm. -- (Medical intelligence unit)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 1-58706-244-5
1. Melatonin. I. Pandi-Perumal, S. R. II. Cardinali, Daniel P. III. Series: Medical intelligence unit
(Unnumbered : 2003)
[DNLM: 1. Melatonin--physiology. 2. Pineal Gland--physiology. 3. Pineal Gland--physiopathol-
ogy. WK 102 M5165 2004]
QP572.M44M437 2004
612.4'92--dc22
2004016759
 
This book is dedicated to our families,
without whom there would be nothing.
CONTENTS
Preface ............................................................................................... xvii
1. Mechanisms Underlying Seasonal Regulation
of Melatonin Synthesis in Rodents ......................................................... 1
Valérie Simonneaux, Marie-Laure Garidou, Christophe Ribelayga
and Paul Pévet
Annual Variations of the Melatonin Pattern .......................................... 1
Nervous and Endocrine Inputs Regulating the Annual Rhythm
in Melatonin Synthesis ...................................................................... 3
Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Annual Changes
in Melatonin Secretion ...................................................................... 5
2. Oxidative Stress-Mediated Damage during in Vivo
Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: Protective Effects of Melatonin .............. 12
Russel J. Reiter, Rosa M. Sainz, Dun-Xian Tan and Juan C. Mayo
Melatonin and Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury ....................................... 12
Melatonin and Cardiac I/R Injury ....................................................... 13
Melatonin and Neural I/R Injury ........................................................ 16
Melatonin and I/R Injury in Other Organs ......................................... 19
3. Melatonin and the Thyroid Gland ....................................................... 26
Andrzej Lewinski
Melatonin and Thyroid Growth Processes ........................................... 27
Melatonin and Thyroid Function ........................................................ 29
Oxidative Stress, the Thyroid Gland and Melatonin ........................... 29
Pineal-Thyroid Relationship in Humans ............................................. 30
Thyroid Hormone-Stimulation of Pineal Function
or Growth Processes ........................................................................ 31
4. The Role of Melatonin in the Development of Scoliosis ...................... 35
Keith M. Bagnall, Talib Rajwani, Jessie Kautz, Marc Moreau,
V. James Raso, James Mahood, Ariana Daniel, Christina Demianczuk,
Janet Wilson and Xaioping Wang
Problems with Studying Scoliosis and Melatonin ................................ 36
The Pinealectomised Chicken Model for the Study of Scoliosis ........... 38
Serum Melatonin Levels in Humans with Scoliosis ............................. 41
A Proposed Model by Which Low Levels of Serum Melatonin
Can Affect Vertebral Growth and Produce Scoliosis ........................ 41
5. Effect of Melatonin on Life Span and Longevity .................................. 45
Vladimir N. Anisimov
Effect of Melatonin on Longevity in Mice ........................................... 45
Effect of Melatonin on Longevity in Rats ............................................ 48
Effect of Melatonin on Longevity in Fruit Flies ................................... 51
Effect of Melatonin on Longevity in Worms ....................................... 51
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