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PRìBNY EGZAMIN

MATURALNY

Z JĦZYKA ANGIELSKIEGO

W KLASACH DWUJĦZYCZNYCH

ARKUSZ II

ROK 2004

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Rozumienie tekstu czytanego

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Arkusz II

Czas pracy 150 minut

Instrukcja dla zdajĢcego

1. Proszħ sprawdzię, czy arkusz egzaminacyjny zawiera 16

stron. Ewentualny brak naleŇy zgþosię przewodniczĢcemu

zespoþu nadzorujĢcego egzamin.

2. Obok kaŇdego zadania podana jest maksymalna liczba

punktw, ktrĢ moŇna uzyskaę za jego poprawne

rozwiĢzanie.

3. Za rozwiĢzanie wszystkich zadaı moŇna otrzymaę þĢcznie

60 punktw.

4. NaleŇy pisaę czytelnie, tylko w kolorze niebieskim

lub czarnym.

5. Oceniany jest tylko czystopis pracy pisemnej. Bþħdne

zapisy naleŇy wyraŅnie przekreĻlię. Nie wolno uŇywaę

korektora ani oþwka.

zad.

WypowiedŅ pisemna

Poziom

meryt.

Poziom

komp.

Bogactwo

jħz.

Popraw.

jħz.

Suma 60

ņyczymy powodzenia!

(Wpisuje zdajĢcy przed rozpoczħciem pracy)

PESEL ZDAJġCEGO

READING COMPREHENSION

TASK 5. (15 points)

Read the following extract from a magazine article and answer questions (5.1.-5.15.) in

the spaces provided. Be as brief as possible. Use your own words.

THE SWEAT AND THE STUPOR IN THE GYM

Whatever they do to the body, gyms are certainly numbingly bad for your mind. This is not

simply the partisan judgement of a self-vindicating slob. The biggest problem that the fitness

industry faces is retaining club members, who, when their original zeal wears off, get bored

with all the lonely and repetitious rituals. To combat the threat of boredom, gyms have

installed distracting televisions and (in the posher ones) Internet connections to entertain

toilers on bikes and rowing machines, whose efforts can only be compared to those of the

mythological Sisyphus. Most chains have devised zany-sounding exercise classes to bedazzle

flagging members. LA Fitness in North London, like most others, offers a range of

unpronounceable varieties of yoga: Astanga, Iyenga, Sivananda, and so on.

At the plusher end of the market, the techniques deployed against boredom are much

more elaborate. After a generous recovery time following his first attempt Î and a more

substantial lunch than was technically advisable Î this correspondent subjects himself to one

such elaboration at the Third Space, a swanky gym in Soho. With membership costing around

¢1,000 a year, the Third Space is not quite LondonÓs priciest outfit, but is probably the most

chic. He heads for the clubÓs full-sized boxing ring for an hourÓs instruction with Martin, a

charismatic and patient professional light welterweight. Martin assures him that learning to

box is a good way to get fit (the possibility of concussion notwithstanding), and one which is

surprisingly popular with women. Martin doesnÓt seem to mind Î or perhaps he doesnÓt notice

Î when his pupil breaks a promise to go easy on him, accidentally biffing him on the chin.

Martin graciously allows that your correspondent could indeed be a contender, though

suggests he comes down a few weight divisions before turning professional.

The boxing ring, which hosts regular Ðfight-clubÑ nights for effeminate city and media

types, is Î says Ollie Vigors, a co-founder of the Third Space Î one of the ways in which the

gym tries to differentiate itself, and keep its visitors entertained. Mr Vigors includes bowling

alleys and bars, as well as other gyms, among its competitors. Other features designed to give

the Third Space the edge include an altitude-controlled running chamber; a reduced chlorine

swimming pool in which members can learn to scuba dive; a climbing wall; and the

opportunity to be serenaded by DJS or (on Sunday mornings) a gospel choir while you work

out. There is also on-site alternative therapy, including linguistic and mental Ðneuro-linguistic

programmingÑ and other offerings from the outer reaches of medicine and the English

language.

Many American gyms, especially those in New York, have devised even more

unlikely and exotic novelties to dispel the danger of somebody falling asleep. In New YorkÓs

gyms, experimental exercisers can work-out by pretending to be fire-fighters; participate in a

Ðstriptease aerobicsÑ class (not an activity likely to appeal to beginners); or engage in the

oxymoronic Ðboot camp yogaÑ. Rick Caro, who runs Management Vision Inc, a specialist

American consultancy, says that as the fitness business becomes more competitive Î and with

mini-gyms opening in , among other places, airports and shopping malls Î more and more

facilities are carving out specialist niches for themselves. Mr Caro believes that group work-

outs are one of the best ways to counteract boredom (partly because wavering participants can

see that some other people are in a worse shape than they are).

So what, this sweating scribbler continues to ask himself, are the compensations of a

pastime whose physical benefits are variable, and which is so dull that all manner of

improbable hybrids and gimmicks have to be invented to keep people at it? Why do hordes of

already-fit people devote so much of their time to such a boring and self-punitive pursuit?

Most other forms of entertainment that have evolved with mass affluence Î such as, say, the

rise of foreign holidays Î are more obviously enjoyable. Indeed, one theory of Anglo-

American capitalism argues that, at a certain point, the puritanism that originally sustained it

evaporated, to be replaced by an immature and self-indulgent hedonism; at that point pleasure

replaced hard work as capitalismÓs ultimate good. If this is true, then what explains this

masochistic tendency to keep getting fit?

The New Puritans, ÒThe EconomistÓ, Dec. 21 st , 2002, pp. 100-101

5.1. What kind of person is likely to form a biased opinion of the gymsÓ influence on oneÓs

brains?

5.2. Through Greek mythology, Sisyphus has come to symbolise making tiring, repetitive

effort which produces little result. Why is his name mentioned to describe the gym users (the

first paragraph)?

5.3. What is it that fitness chains hope to achieve through giving their classes names like

ÒAstangaÓ or ÒIyengaÓ?

5.4. What makes the Third Space an outstanding gym centre in London?

5.5. Explain why, according to the narrator, boxing is not an entirely effective way to stay

healthy.

5.6. What is MartinÓs advice regarding the narratorÓs possible career as a boxer?

5.7. What do representatives of media and the city frequenting fight-club nights lack

according to the author?

5.8. Give two main reasons why the Third Space offers a wide variety of sophisticated get-fit

attractions to its visitors.

5.9. What is an Òalternative therapyÓ offered by the Third Space like?

5.10. What are the unusual attractions like pretending to be a fire-fighter supposed to sustain?

5.11. An oxymoron is a device in which two completely opposite, and even contradictory,

words are put together. According to the narrator, Òboot camp yogaÓ is an oxymoron. Explain

what makes it so.

5.12. Explain why group work-outs are more effective in preventing monotony.

5.13. Summarise in your own words the double paradox of get-fit as a pastime as suggested in

the first question (the last paragraph).

5.14. Explain why the get-fit craze is described as a Òself-punitive pursuitÓ (the last

paragraph).

5.15. Why do the changes in the attitude to puritanism fail to explain the phenomenon of the

get-fit craze?

TASK 6. (15 points)

Read the following newspaper article. For questions (6.1.-6.8.) choose the answer (A, B,

C or D) which you think fits best according to the text and circle the appropriate letter.

Then answer questions 6.9.-6.15. Use your own words.

WHY ÒTHE OFFICEÓ APPEALS TO THE AMERICANS

1. Ricky Gervais has made history, with a double win at the Golden Globes, the

US television and film awards ceremony which, until this little coup anyway, appeared to

exist mainly as a dress rehearsal for the Oscars. Our hero picked up best actor, musical or

comedy series, while The Office, which he co-wrote as well as starred in, won best musical or

comedy series.

2. There was our boy Î pudgy, beard a different colour to his hair, funny, squeaky

voice Î being handed trophies by the gorgeous lollipop women of Hollywood. Fantastic.

Britain may claim that it resents being AmericaÓs poodle. But an enthusiastic tickle on the

tummy from any US institution sure feels swell.

3. Mr Gervais responded to his great honour in typically British style, with a

reported comment that sounds not unlike something his comic creation David Brent might

come up with. ÐIÓm not from these parts,Ñ he explained to his glittering audience. ÐIÓm from a

little place called England. We used to run the world before you.Ñ

4. IÓd like to hope that the audience laughed uproariously at this, recognising that

these faux-modest, passive-aggressive clichs are much of a muchness with the rot lobbed at

the unhappy team at Mr BrentÓs office. I certainly hope this was the spirit in which Mr

Gervais intended his comments too, because any other explanation Î like the guy being much

more like his creation than is bearable Î is hard to face.

5. Not, of course, that it really matters. David Brent is an amazing character, and

The Office was a wonderful show. ItÓs an interesting tribute to its brilliance as well, since one

could be forgiven for imagining that it was somehow very English, that its appeal seems to

cross the Atlantic so seamlessly. The Office may be set in a nondescript corner of Slough. But

while we all knew that it could just as easily have been set in Motherwell, or in the City of

London, itÓs a real tribute to the strengths of the show that the very same goes for Des Moines

or Austin.

6. As far as the culture is concerned, these awards are no mean feat for Gervais.

For years now, the US has been acknowledged as the worldÓs richest source of quality

television comedy. Shows from Cheers and Garry Shandling, through Frasier, Friends, Sex

and the City and the incomparable Simpsons, have maintained AmericaÓs position as the

funniest country in the West.

7. All of these behemoths have run for many series, scripted by large and

constantly replenished teams of writers. The Office, by contrast, was written by a two-man

team who had the guts to pull the plug after only a comparatively tiny number of episodes.

Such ruthless discipline certainly puts the wailing and gnashing of teeth accompanying the

final series of Sex and the City and Friends into perspective, since both programmes in fact

managed to flog scenarios about groups of young people into middle age. As for Frasier Î

will they still be making that programme when Kelsey GrammarÓs corpse has to be propped

up in the penthouse? Who knows? No-one, surely, is still watching.

8. But while it is almost breathtaking that The Office quit while it was still so very

far ahead, it is also amazing that it made its mark so soon. Most of the US programmes feted

so much, took a couple of series to really get into its stride. Sex and the City even took a while

to get its much-celebrated wardrobe sorted out. The fact that The Office lasted such a brief

time though, only adds to its allure. Modest as it is, the show really does stand up well to such

dazzling competition.

9. It is, of course, that accuracy of the portrayal of the human interactions in The

Office that makes it such blissful watching. From the very beginning, viewers recognised the

peculiar infantilisation of office life, with deadly turf wars being fought over staplers or desk

encroachment. We may have rooted for Tim, who always won, and despised Gareth, who

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