Pera Pera Penguin 86.pdf

5-minute Japanese Class by Hitomi Hirayama

(Jump to the future)

I think I'm getting used to using " nara " and " to " in my daily

conversation. Even though I sometimes get confused and make

mistakes, I still try to use them. What I would like to do now is to

learn how to use " tara " and " ba. " I will then become an expert on

the subjunctive form. It will help me enjoy daily conversation much

more, and I hope to make a lot of friends!

Until today, I think most of you have studied and understood the grammatical explanations of the subjective form by reading

various textbooks. But I think it's true that you may be distressed, and saying, "But I cannot say anything because I don't know how

to use them." I hear this kind of thing from a lot of students. I explained the subjunctive form in the past two lessons (vols. 84 and

85), and you may be puzzled on some points because I focused on explaining usage, rather than grammar. It is really important to

understand my explanations first and use the subjunctive form like Mr. Pole, who makes mistakes but tries to use them.

たら

Future trip

3. Weak suggestion : If there is something you find that is difficult to say, you

may put it in question form, so that the listener can answer Yes or No. That makes

a suggestion less forthright. The tone rises at the end of a question.

tara

Why don't you save some money?

Present

in the Future

少し節約したら？

1. Future trip : Future / Hope / Emergency / Happening /

As soon as / ___ then ___, etc.:

sukoshi setsuyaku shitara?

1. Hidden meaning : Although " ba " can be replaced by " tara ," a "hidden

meaning behind the reality" is emphasized by using " ba ."

Why don't you wait for a while?

If only I repair it, I can use it. → It's not repaired at this moment, so I cannot use it.

もう少し待ったら？

When talking about a future event, " tara " is most frequently

used among " tara / ba / nara / to ."

m - sukoshi mattara?

修理すれば使えます。

sh - ri sureba tsukaemasu

・future:

When my schedule is fixed, I'll let you know.

Why don't you take a rest?

If only you were experienced, I would want you to work here.

スケジュールが決まったら連絡します。

休んだら？

→You are not experienced, so I cannot hire you.

schedule ga kimattara renraku shimasu

yasundara?

経験があれば働いてもらいたいのですが。

k - ken ga areba hataraite-moraitai no desu ga

・hope:

(Frequently asked question of children)

What would you like to be when you grow up?

大人になったら何になりたい？

2. Strong suggestion : It sounds pushy, so most likely people at a higher level would

use this phrase to people of a lower level. The tone drops at the end of a question.

otona ni nattara nani ni naritai ?

・emergency:

Please call 119 in case of fire.

Why not think more deeply?

火事になったら１１９番に電話して下さい。

もっとよく考えれば

kaji ni nattara 119-ban ni denwa shite

kudasai.

4. Unrealistic dream : When something is highly unlikely to become reality,

" moshi " (if) is placed at the beginning of the sentence.

motto yoku kangaereba

(If you don't feel good) Why not go home?

・advice:

If you drink, don't drive.

If there were 30 hours a day, I would sleep for 15 hours.

帰れば

お酒を飲んだら運転しないで下さい。

もし１日が30時間あったら15時間寝ます。

kaereba

osake o nondara unten shinaide kudasai

moshi ichi-nichi ga 30-jikan attara 15-jikan nemasu

3. Past habit

・as soon as:

As soon as I confirm your payment, I’ll send you the item.

When I had a free time, I used to play video games.

入金が確認出来たら品物を送ります。

5. Surprise (when surprised) / Emergency / Discovery!

ny - kin ga kakunin dekitara shinamono o okurimasu

暇さえあればゲームをしていた。

たら

tara

hima sae areba game o shiteita

・--- then ---:

If I make a copy, I will bring it to you.

(Past tense)

4. Proverbs :

コピーをしたら持って行きます。

When I was about to pay, I didn't have enough money!

More haste, less speed.

Life is not all beer and skittles.

copy o shitara motte-ikimasu

shihara - to shitara okane ga tarinakatta

急がば回れ

楽あれば苦あり

2. Advice : Asking for advice

isogaba maware

raku areba ku ari

Where should I put this?

When I input the password, it was incorrect.

To every bird his own nest is best.

kore wa doko ni oitara - desu ka?

password o ny - ryoku shitara chigatteita

住めば都

sumeba miyako

With cooperation from Yasuhiro Koga

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