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History of the Christian Church, Volume III:
Nicene and Post-Nicene Christianity. A.D.
311-600.
by
Philip Schaff
About History of the Christian Church, Volume III: Nicene and Post-Nicene
Christianity. A.D. 311-600. by Philip Schaff
Title:
History of the Christian Church, Volume III: Nicene and Post-Nicene
Christianity. A.D. 311-600.
URL:
Author(s):
Publisher:
Grand Rapids, MI: Christian CLassics Ethereal Library
First Published:
1882
Print Basis:
Fifth edition, revised
Source:
Electronic Bible Society
Date Created:
2002-11-27
Contributor(s):
whp (Transcriber)
Wendy Huang (Markup)
All; History;
CCEL Subjects:
LC Call no:
BR145.S3
LC Subjects:
Christianity
History
History of the Christian Church, Volume III: Nicene and
Post-Nicene Christianity. A.D. 311-600.
Philip Schaff
Table of Contents
About This Book. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. ii
Title Page. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 1
Preface to the Third Revision. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 2
Preface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 3
Sources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 4
Later Literature. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 5
Introduction and General View. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 6
Downfall of Heathenism and Victory of Christianity in the Roman
Empire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 9
Constantine The Great. a.d. 306-337. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 10
The Sons of Constantine. a.d. 337-361. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 25
Julian the Apostate, and the Reaction of Paganism. a.d. 361-363. . . . .
p. 26
From Jovian to Theodosius. a.d. 363-392. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 37
Theodosius the Great and his Successors. a.d. 392-550. . . . . . . . . .
p. 40
The Downfall of Heathenism. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 42
The Literary Triumph of Christianity over Greek and Roman
Heathenism. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 44
Heathen Polemics. New Objections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 44
Julian's Attack upon Christianity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 46
The Heathen Apologetic Literature. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 49
Christian Apologists and Polemics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 50
Augustine's City of God. Salvianus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 52
Alliance of Church and State and Its Influence on Public Morals and
Religion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 54
The New Position of the Church in the Empire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 55
Rights and Privileges of the Church. Secular Advantages. . . . . . . . .
p. 58
Support of the Clergy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 60
Episcopal Jurisdiction and Intercession. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 62
Legal Sanction of Sunday. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 63
Influence of Christianity on Civil Legislation. The Justinian Code. . . . .
p. 64
Elevation of Woman and the Family. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 67
Social Reforms. The Institution of Slavery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 69
Abolition of Gladiatorial Shows. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 74
Evils of the Union of Church and State. Secularization of the
Church. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 75
iii
History of the Christian Church, Volume III: Nicene and
Post-Nicene Christianity. A.D. 311-600.
Philip Schaff
Worldliness and Extravagance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 76
Byzantine Court Christianity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 77
Intrusion of Politics into Religion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 78
The Emperor-Papacy and the Hierarchy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 80
Restriction of Religious Freedom, and Beginnings of Persecution of
Heretics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 83
The Rise and Progress of Monasticism. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 87
Origin of Christian Monasticism. Comparison with other forms of
Asceticism. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 88
Development of Monasticism. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 92
Nature and Aim of Monasticism. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 94
Monasticism and the Bible. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 96
Lights and Shades of Monastic Life. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 97
Position of Monks in the Church. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 103
Influence and Effect of Monasticism. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 103
Paul of Thebes and St. Anthony. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 106
Spread of Anchoretism. Hilarion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 112
St. Symeon and the Pillar Saints. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 113
Pachomius and the Cloister life. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 116
Fanatical and Heretical Monastic Societies in The East. . . . . . . . . . .
p. 118
Monasticism in the West. Athanasius, Ambrose, Augustine, Martin of
Tours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 119
St. Jerome as a Monk. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 122
St. Paula. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 127
Benedict of Nursia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 129
The Rule of St. Benedict. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 130
The Benedictines. Cassiodorus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 133
Opposition to Monasticism. Jovinian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 134
Helvidius, Vigilantius, and Aerius. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 137
The Hierarchy and Polity of the Church. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 139
Schools of the Clergy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 139
Clergy and Laity. Elections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 142
Marriage and Celibacy of the Clergy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 144
Moral Character of the Clergy in general. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 149
The Lower Clergy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 153
The Bishops. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 156
Organization of the Hierarchy: Country Bishop, City Bishops, and
Metropolitans. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 158
The Patriarchs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 161
Synodical Legislation on the Patriarchal Power and Jurisdiction. . . . .
p. 163
iv
History of the Christian Church, Volume III: Nicene and
Post-Nicene Christianity. A.D. 311-600.
Philip Schaff
The Rival Patriarchs of Old and New Rome. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 168
The Latin Patriarch. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 171
Conflicts and Conquests of the Latin Patriarchate. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 173
The Papacy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 177
Opinions of the Fathers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 179
The Decrees of Councils on the Papal Authority. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 183
Leo the Great. a.d. 440-461. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 186
The Papacy from Leo I to Gregory I. a.d. 461-590. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 190
The Synodical System. The Ecumenical Councils. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 194
List of the Ecumenical Councils of the Ancient Church. . . . . . . . . . .
p. 205
Books of Ecclesiastical Law. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 208
Church Discipline and Schisms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 209
Decline of Discipline. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 209
The Donatist Schism. External History. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 212
Augustine and the Donatists. Their Persecution and Extinction. . . . . .
p. 214
Internal History of the Donatist Schism. Dogma of the Church. . . . . .
p. 214
The Roman Schism of Damasus and Ursinus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 218
The Meletian Schism at Antioch. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 219
Public Worship and Religious Customs and Ceremonies. . . . . . . . . . .
p. 220
The Revolution in Cultus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 220
The Civil and Religious Sunday. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 222
The Church Year. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 226
The Christmas Cycle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 231
The Easter Cycle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 235
The Time of the Easter Festival. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 237
The Cycle of Pentecost. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 239
The Exaltation of the Virgin Mariology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 240
Mariolatry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 247
The Festivals of Mary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 249
The Worship of Martyrs and Saints. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 251
Festivals of the Saints. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 260
The Christian Calendar. The Legends of the Saints. The Acta
Sanctorum. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 261
Worship of Relics. Dogma of the Resurrection. Miracles of Relics. . . . .
p. 263
Observations on the Miracles of the Nicene Age. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 270
Processions and Pilgrimages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 273
Public Worship of the Lord's Day. Scripture-Reading and Preaching. . .
p. 275
The Sacraments in General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 278
Baptism. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 282
Confirmation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
p. 286
v

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