Glossary of wood and woodworking terms RRR.pdf

Glossary of wood and woodworking terms

Battenboard

A variation of laminboard with the core formed of strips.

Baluster

One of a set of posts supporting a stair handrail.

Balustrade

The protective barrier alongside a staircase or landing.

Banister

See Balustrade.

Batten

A narrow strip of wood.

Beaded wood

A simple round moulding. Also see Moulded wood .

Bevel

An angle but not a right angle. A sloping or canted surface.

Bole

The tree trunk is sometimes also called the bole. After felling, the branches are

removed, leaving the trunk - at this stage it's known as a log.

Broad-leaved trees

Broad-leaved trees produce hardwood timber. Their seeds are in an enclosed

case or ovary, such as an acorn or walnut. In temperate climates they're usually

deciduous - they lose their leaves in winter.

Blockboard

A variation of laminboard with a core formed of square wood strips glued

together.

Casing

The timber lining of a door opening.

Cellular wood panel

Similar to blockboard and battenboard panels but the battens and laths form the

core and are spaced either parallel or in lattice form. Panels are relatively light

but have some strength.

Chamfered

The edges have been removed lengthwise at an angle.

Composites

"Structural timber composites" is the collective name for engineered wood-based

materials or components. Those currently available include:

• glued laminated timber or glulam

• laminated veneer lumber (LVL)

• parallel strand lumber (PSL)

• laminated strand lumber (LSL)

Conversion

The process of cutting logs by sawing them into usable sections of timber, such

as beams and planks.

Counterbore

To cut a hole that allows the head of a bolt or screw to sit flush with or lie below

the level of a surface.

Countersink

To cut a tapered recess that allows the head of a screw to lie flush with a

surface.

Cup

To bend as a result of shrinkage, specifically across the width of a piece of wood.

Dado

The lower part of an interior wall, usually defined with a moulded rail.

Densification

A chemical or physical treatment - layers are bonded together with treatment in

excess of that needed to ensure a good bond - to increase hardness and

improve mechanical strength or resistance to chemical or electrical agencies.

Density

The mass per unit volume of a substance, usually expressed in kilograms per

cubic metre.

Distortion

The change in the shape of a piece of timber or timber-based material brought

about by shrinkage as the timber dries. It includes bowing, twisting and cupping.

Dovetail

A type of joint. One piece has a splayed shape - like a dove's tail - and fits into

the socket or eye of the second piece.

Doweling

Cylindrical piece or length of wood. Also known as rounded wood.

Drip groove

A groove cut or moulded in the underside of a door or window sill to prevent

rainwater running back to the wall.

Dry board

See Wet processing .

Earlywood

The less dense wood formed during the early stage of a growth season.

Eaves

The edges of a roof that project beyond the walls.

Edge and end spacing

Spacings between fasteners and the edges and ends of the components that are

being joined.

End grain

The exposed face of timber produced when it's cut through a plane that's

perpendicular to the grain.

End-jointed

See Finger-jointed .

Engineered wood

Layers of hardwood compressed together.

Extruded particle board

Particle board made using extrusion. This may have holes running internally from

end to end.

Face edge

In woodworking, the surface planed square to the face side.

Face side

In woodworking, the flat planed surface from which other dimensions and angles

are measured.

Fascia board

A strip of wood that covers the ends of rafters and to which external guttering is

fixed.

Fibreboard

Wood chips bonded together by their own adhesive properties - lignin. Known as

hardboard, mediumboard and softboard.

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