Dictionary of Classical and Theoretical Mathematics.pdf

DICTIONARY OF

CLASSICAL

THEORETICAL

MATHEMATICS

AND

A VOLUME IN THE

COMPREHENSIVE DICTIONARY

OF MATHEMATICS

DICTIONARY OF

CLASSICAL

AND

THEORETICAL

MATHEMATICS

Edited by

Catherine Cavagnaro

William T. Haight, II

CRC Press

Boca Raton London New York Washington, D.C.

Preface

The Dictionary of Classical and Theoretical Mathematics, one volume of the Comprehensive

Dictionary of Mathematics, includes entries from the ﬁelds of geometry, logic, number theory,

set theory, and topology. The authors who contributed their work to this volume are professional

mathematicians, active in both teaching and research.

The goal in writing this dictionary has been to deﬁne each term rigorously, not to author a

large and comprehensive survey text in mathematics. Though it has remained our purpose to make

each deﬁnition self-contained, some deﬁnitions unavoidably depend on others, and a modicum of

“deﬁnition chasing” is necessitated. We hope this is minimal.

The authors have attempted to extend the scope of this dictionary to the fringes of commonly

accepted higher mathematics. Surely, some readers will regard an excluded term as being mistak-

enly overlooked, and an included term as one “not quite yet cooked” by years of use by a broad

mathematical community. Such differences in taste cannot be circumnavigated, even by our well-

intentioned and diligent authors. Mathematics is a living and breathing entity, changing daily, so a

list of included terms may be regarded only as a snapshot in time.

We thank the authors who spent countless hours composing original deﬁnitions. In particular, the

help of Dr. Steve Benson, Dr. William Harris, and Dr. Tamara Hummel was key in organizing the

collection of terms. Our hope is that this dictionary becomes a valuable source for students, teachers,

researchers, and professionals.

Catherine Cavagnaro

William T. Haight, II

CONTRIBUTORS

Curtis Bennett

Bowling Green State University

Bowling Green, Ohio

Krystyna Kuperberg

Auburn University

Auburn, Alabama

Steve Benson

University of New Hampshire

Durham, New Hampshire

Thomas LaFramboise

Marietta College

Marietta, Ohio

Catherine Cavagnaro

University of the South

Sewanee, Tennessee

Adam Lewenberg

University of Akron

Akron, Ohio

Minevra Cordero

Texas Tech University

Lubbock, Texas

Elena Marchisotto

California State University

Northridge, California

Douglas E. Ensley

Shippensburg University

Shippensburg, Pennsylvania

Rick Miranda

Colorado State University

Fort Collins, Colorado

William T. Haight, II

University of the South

Sewanee, Tennessee

Emma Previato

Boston University

Boston, Massachusetts

William Harris

Georgetown College

Georgetown, Kentucky

V.V. Raman

Rochester Institute of Technology

Pittsford, New York

Phil Hotchkiss

University of St. Thomas

St. Paul, Minnesota

David A. Singer

Case Western Reserve University

Cleveland, Ohio

Matthew G. Hudelson

Washington State University

Pullman, Washington

David Smead

Furman University

Greenville, South Carolina

Tamara Hummel

Allegheny College

Meadville, Pennsylvania

Sam Smith

St. Joseph’s University

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Mark J. Johnson

Central College

Pella, Iowa

Vonn Walter

Allegheny College

Meadville, Pennsylvania

Paul Kapitza

Illinois Wesleyan University

Bloomington, Illinois

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