Cohen - From the Maccabees to the Mishna.pdf

(13188 KB) Pobierz
FROM THE MACCABEES
TO THE MISHNAH
Second Edition
Shaye J. D. Cohen
Westminster John Knox Press
LOUISVILLE • LONDON
812731471.002.png
©2006 ShayeJ. D. Cohen
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by
any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the
publisher. For information, address Westminster John Knox Press, 100 Witherspoon
Street, Louisville, Kentucky 40202-1396.
Scripture quotations from the New Revised Standard Version of the Bible are copy­
right © 1989 by the Division of Christian Education of the National Council of the
Churches of Christ in the U.S.A. and are used by permission.
Book design by Sharon Adams
Cover design by Mark Abrams
Second edition
Published by Westminster John Knox Press
Louisville, Kentucky
This book is printed on acid-free paper that meets the American National Standards
Institute Z39.48 standard. @
PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15—10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Cohen, ShayeJ. D.
From the Maccabees to the Mishnah / Shaye J.D. Cohen.— 2nd ed.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN-13: 978-0-664-22743-2 (alk. paper)
ISBN-10: 0-664-22743-0 (alk. paper)
1. Judaism—History—Post-exilic period, 586 B.C.-210 A.D. 2. Jews—History—
168B.C.-135A.D. I. Title.
BM176.C615 2006
296.09'014—dc22
2005058563
812731471.003.png
Contents
Foreword to the First Edition by Wayne A. Meeks
ix
Preface to the First Edition
xi
Preface to the Second Edition
xiii
1. Ancient Judaism: Chronology and Definitions
1
Chronology
1
Periodization and Perspective
6
From Preexilic Israel to Second Temple Judaism
8
Unity and Diversity
12
Timeline
IS
2. Jews and Gentiles
19
Political: Gentile Domination
19
The Maccabean Rebellion
2 2
The Rebellion Against the Romans (66-74 CE)
2 3
The Wars of 115-117 CE and 132-135 CE
24
Conclusion
26
Cultural: Judaism and Hellenism
26
"Hellenism," "Hellenization," and "Hellenistic Judaism "
27
Judaism and Hellenistic Culture
29
Conclusion
37
Social: Jews and Gentiles
3 7
Anti-Judaism
and "Anti-Semitism "
37
Philo-Judaism
40
Conclusion
49
812731471.004.png
vi
Contents
3. The Jewish "Religion": Practices and Beliefs
51
Practices
53
The Worship of God
53
Ritual Observances
65
Ritual and Ethics
67
"Legalism " and "the Yoke of the Law "
68
Women's Judaism
70
Beliefs
75
Kingship of God
76
Reward and Punishment
8 3
Redemption
92
Conclusion
97
4. The Community and Its Institutions
99
The Public Institutions of the Land of Israel
99
The Temple
101
The Sanhedrin
102
The Public Institutions of the Diaspora
103
The Synagogue
106
Private Organizations
110
Sects
111
Professional Guilds
113
Schools
114
Conclusion
117
5. Sectarian and Normative
119
"Sect" and "Heresy"
120
The Focal Points of Jewish Sectarianism
122
Law as Focal Point
123
Temple as Focal Point
126
Scripture as Focal Point
127
"Orthodox" and "Normative"
129
Proto-Sectarianism in the Persian Period
131
Ezra and Nehemiah
132
"The Congregation of the Exile " and Nehemiah 10
134
Isaiah 65
136
Pharisees, Sadducees, and Essenes
138
Sources Written in Greek: Josephus
138
Sources Written in Greek: The New Testament
141
Sources Written in Hebrew: Qumran Scrolls
144
812731471.005.png
Contents
vii
Sources Written in Hebrew: Rabbinic Texts
148
The Names of the Pharisees, Sadducees, and Essenes
152
Summary: From the Persian Period to the Pharisees,
Sadducees, and Essenes
153
Other Sects and Groups
157
"Fourth Philosophy," Sicarii, and Zealots
157
Christians
159
Samaritans
162
Therapeutae
164
Conclusion
165
6. Canonization and Its Implications
167
"Canon" and "Canonical"
170
The History of the Biblical Canon
175
TheTorah
175
The Prophets
177
The Writings
178
The Tripartite Canon
179
Why These and Not Those?
182
Conclusion
183
The Implications of Canonization
184
From Prophecy to Apocalypse
186
Scriptural Interpretation
192
Conclusion
203
7. The Emergence of Rabbinic Judaism
205
"The Rabbis" and "The Rabbinic Period"
205
What Is the Mishnah?
206
From Second Temple Judaism to Rabbinic Judaism
207
Relations with Gentiles
208
Rabbinic Religion
210
Society and Institutions
213
The End of Sectarianism
216
Canon and Literature
220
Conclusion
222
Suggestions for Further Reading
225
Glossary of Technical Terms
239
Index
243
812731471.001.png

Plik z chomika:

Inne pliki z tego folderu:

Inne foldery tego chomika:

Zgłoś jeśli naruszono regulamin