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XJ
WIPER AND WASHER SYSTEMS
8K - 1
WIPER AND WASHER SYSTEMS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
page
page
GENERAL INFORMATION
The intermittent wipe mode delay times are driver
adjustable from about one second to about fifteen sec-
onds. The intermittent wipe mode is provided by
delay logic and relay control circuitry contained
within the intermittent wiper/washer switch. The
intermittent wipe relay is also contained within the
switch.
The windshield wipers will operate only when the
ignition switch is in the Accessory or On positions. A
circuit breaker located in the junction block protects
the circuitry of the windshield wiper system. Refer to
the owner’s manual in the vehicle glove box for more
information on the features, use and operation of the
windshield wiper system.
INTRODUCTION
Windshield wiper and washer systems are stan-
dard factory-installed equipment on this model. A
rear wiper and washer system is optional factory-in-
stalled equipment. Following is general information
about the available wiper and washer systems for
this vehicle. Refer to 8W-53 - Wipers in Group 8W -
Wiring
Diagrams
for
complete
circuit
descriptions
and diagrams.
NOTE: This group covers both Left-Hand Drive
(LHD) and Right-Hand Drive (RHD) versions of this
model. Whenever required and feasible, the RHD
versions of affected vehicle components have been
constructed as mirror-image of the LHD versions.
While most of the illustrations used in this group
represent only the LHD version, the diagnostic and
service procedures outlined can generally be
applied to either version. Exceptions to this rule
have been clearly identified as LHD or RHD, if a
special illustration or procedure is required.
WINDSHIELD WASHER SYSTEM
An electrically operated windshield washer system
is standard equipment. The washer reservoir is
located between the inner and outer front fenders,
above and forward of the left front wheel housing.
The reservoir filler neck is located in the engine com-
partment on the left inner fender shield.
The washer reservoir holds the washer fluid, which
is pressurized by a pump when the windshield
washer switch lever is actuated. The windshield
washer pump feeds the pressurized washer fluid
through the washer system plumbing to the wind-
shield washer nozzles.
A low washer fluid warning lamp is standard
equipment on all models equipped with the optional
rear wiper and washer system. The low washer fluid
warning lamp in the instrument cluster will warn
WINDSHIELD WIPER SYSTEM
An intermittent windshield wiper system is stan-
dard equipment on this model. The intermittent
wiper system lets the driver select from either of two
wiper speeds, low or high, or the intermittent wipe
delay mode.
886888434.001.png
8K - 2
WIPER AND WASHER SYSTEMS
XJ
GENERAL INFORMATION (Continued)
the driver when the washer fluid level needs to be
checked. Refer to Group 8E - Instrument Panel Sys-
tems for more information on this feature.
The washers will operate only when the ignition
switch is in the Accessory or On positions. If the wip-
ers are not already turned on when the washers are
activated, the wipers will be automatically cycled for
one or two wipes, then be turned off. A fuse located
in the junction block protects the circuitry of the
washer system. Refer to the owner’s manual in the
vehicle glove box for more information on the fea-
tures, use and operation of the windshield washer
system.
The blades are mounted to spring-loaded wiper
arms. The spring tension of the wiper arms controls
the pressure applied to the blades on the glass. The
windshield wiper arms are secured by an integral
latch to the two wiper pivots on the cowl plenum cov-
er/grille panel at the base of the windshield. The rear
wiper arm is secured by a nut directly to the rear
wiper motor output shaft on the liftgate below the
liftgate glass.
The wiper arms and blades cannot be adjusted or
repaired.
If
faulty
or
damaged,
they
must
be
replaced.
WIPER LINKAGE AND PIVOT
The wiper linkage and pivot module is secured
with screws to the cowl top panel beneath the cowl
plenum cover/grille panel. The wiper motor is
secured with screws to the center of the linkage and
pivot module bracket. The wiper pivots are secured
to the ends of the module bracket.
The two wiper pivot crank arms and the wiper
motor crank arm each have ball studs on their ends.
The left pivot ball stud is the longer of the three. A
connecting link with a plastic socket-type bushing in
the right end, and a plastic sleeve-type bushing in
the left end, is fit over the pivot ball studs to join the
two pivots.
The wiper drive link has a plastic socket-type
bushing on each end. One end of the drive link is
snap-fit over the exposed end of the longer left pivot
ball stud, while the other end is snap-fit over the ball
stud on the wiper motor crank arm.
The wiper linkage, pivots, bushings, motor, crank
arm, and mounting bracket are only serviced as a
complete unit. If any part of this assembly is faulty
or damaged, the entire unit must be replaced.
REAR WIPER AND WASHER SYSTEM
A rear wiper and washer system is an available
option on this model. The rear wiper system is a
fixed-cycle wiper system. A single switch in the
instrument panel accessory switch bezel controls both
the rear wiper and washer functions. The rear
washer system shares the reservoir of the windshield
washer system, but has its own dedicated washer
pump and plumbing.
The rear wiper and washer systems will operate
only when the ignition switch is in the Accessory or
On positions. A fuse in the junction block protects the
circuitry of both the rear wiper and washer systems.
Refer to the owner’s manual in the vehicle glove
box for more information on the features, use and
operation of the rear wiper and washer system.
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
WIPER ARM AND BLADE
All Cherokee models have two 45.72-centimeter
(18-inch) windshield wiper blades with non-replace-
able rubber elements (squeegees). The optional rear
wiper uses a single 33.0-centimeter (13-inch) wiper
blade with a non-replaceable rubber element (squee-
gee).
Caution should be exercised to protect the rubber
squeegees from any petroleum-based cleaners or con-
taminants, which will rapidly deteriorate the rubber.
If
WIPER MOTOR
FRONT
The two-speed permanent magnet wiper motor has
an integral transmission and park switch. The motor
also contains an internal automatic resetting circuit
breaker to protect the motor from overloads.
The motor is secured to the wiper linkage and
pivot module bracket with three screws and is pro-
tected by a rubber boot. The wiper motor output
shaft passes through a hole in the module bracket,
where a nut secures the wiper motor crank arm to
the motor output shaft. A reinforcement and stud
plate with a rubber-isolated mounting bracket
extends from the cowl plenum side of the dash panel
to the motor mounting bracket to provide additional
support.
Wiper speed is controlled by current flow to the
proper set of brushes. The wiper motor completes its
the
squeegees
are
damaged,
worn,
or
contami-
nated,
the
entire
wiper
blade
assembly
must
be
replaced.
Wiper squeegees exposed to the elements for a long
time tend to lose their wiping effectiveness. Periodic
cleaning of the squeegees is suggested to remove
deposits of salt and road film. The wiper blades,
arms, and windshield or rear glass should be cleaned
with a sponge or cloth and windshield washer fluid, a
mild detergent, or a non-abrasive cleaner. If the
squeegees continue to streak or smear, the wiper
blades should be replaced.
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WIPER AND WASHER SYSTEMS
8K - 3
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION (Continued)
wipe cycle when the windshield wiper switch stalk is
moved to the Off position, and parks the blades in
the lowest portion of the wipe pattern.
The windshield wiper motor cannot be repaired. If
faulty or damaged, the entire wiper linkage and pivot
module unit must be replaced. The reinforcement
bracket and stud plate are available for service.
REAR
The rear wiper motor is secured to a bracket that
is fastened to the liftgate inner panel, below the lift-
gate glass and behind the liftgate trim panel. The
motor output shaft passes through the liftgate outer
panel where a rubber gasket and plastic bezel unit,
and a nut seal and secure the unit to the liftgate
outer panel. The rear wiper arm is secured directly
to the motor output shaft with a nut.
The rear wiper motor unit provides three operating
modes:
²
Fig. 1 Windshield Wiper Switch and Washer Switch
instrument panel center bezel area, below the heater
and air conditioner controls. The rear wiper and
washer switch controls the rear wiper and washer
functions.
The toggle-type switch features a detent in the On
position, and a momentary Wash position. The rear
wiper and washer switch also has an integral illumi-
nation lamp with a serviceable bulb. The switch knob
is pushed down to its detent to activate the rear
wiper system, and down again to the momentary
position to activate the rear washer system. Both the
rear wiper and rear washer motors will operate con-
tinuously for as long as the switch is held in the
momentary Wash position.
The rear wiper and washer switch cannot be
repaired and, if faulty or damaged, the entire switch
unit must be replaced.
Constant
wipe
that
operates
when
the
rear
wiper switch is turned to the On position.
²
Constant
wipe
that
operates
when
the
rear
washer switch is depressed.
²
A park mode that operates the wiper motor until
the blade reaches its park position when either the
rear wiper switch or the ignition switch is placed in
the Off position.
The rear wiper motor cannot be repaired. If faulty
or damaged, the entire rear wiper motor assembly
must be replaced.
WIPER SWITCH AND WASHER SWITCH
FRONT
The windshield wiper and washer switches are
mounted on the right side of the steering column
(Fig. 1). The switch stalk is moved up or down to
select the wiper switch mode, and pulled towards the
steering wheel to activate the washer system. An
intermittent wipe system control knob on the end of
the switch stalk is rotated to select the desired delay
interval. The windshield wiper and washer switch
contains circuitry for the following functions:
²
WASHER RESERVOIR
A single washer fluid reservoir is used for both the
standard front and optional rear washer systems.
The washer fluid reservoir is secured between the
left front inner and outer fender panels, above and in
front of the left front wheel house.
Each washer pump and motor unit has a barbed
nipple, which is installed through a rubber grommet
seal inserted in a hole near the bottom of the reser-
voir. The washer pumps are retained by an interfer-
ence fit between the barbed nipple and the grommet
seal, which is a light press fit.
The washer reservoir has a separate filler neck
and grommet seal. The filler neck snaps into the res-
ervoir from the engine compartment side of the left
inner fender shield. A snap-fit filler cap with an inte-
gral bail strap is fit to the reservoir filler neck. On
models so equipped, the reservoir also has a hole pro-
vided for a washer fluid level sensor.
The washer reservoir, filler neck, grommet seal,
and filler cap are each available for service.
Windshield wipers
²
Intermittent wiper delay relay control and logic
²
Intermittent wipe relay
Windshield washers.
The windshield wiper and washer switch cannot be
repaired. If any function of the switch is faulty, or if
the switch is damaged, the entire switch unit must
be replaced.
²
REAR
The single two-function rear wiper and washer
switch is installed in the instrument panel accessory
switch bezel, which is located near the bottom of the
886888434.002.png
8K - 4
WIPER AND WASHER SYSTEMS
XJ
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION (Continued)
WASHER PUMP
The washer pumps and motors are mounted near
the bottom of the washer reservoir. A barbed nipple
on the pump housing passes through a rubber grom-
met seal installed in a hole near the bottom of the
reservoir. The washer pump is retained by an inter-
ference fit between the barbed pump nipple and the
grommet seal, which is a light press fit.
A permanently lubricated and sealed motor is cou-
pled to a rotor-type pump. Washer fluid is gravity-fed
from the reservoir to the pump. When the motor is
energized, the pump pressurizes the washer fluid
and forces it through the plumbing to the nozzles.
On vehicles with the optional rear wiper/washer
system, the front washer pump and motor is always
mounted in the lower hole of the reservoir. The
washer pump and motor unit cannot be repaired. If
faulty, the entire washer pump and motor unit must
be replaced.
Located at the highest point of the supply hose
routing, beneath the liftgate opening upper header
garnish moulding, the hose connects to a check valve.
The check valve prevents washer fluid drain-back or
siphoning from occurring. From the check valve,
another single hose is routed through a grommet to
the liftgate, where it is connected to a nipple that
protrudes from the inside of the rear wiper motor
output shaft bezel.
The washer fluid passes through the bezel nipple
to the outside of the liftgate. There a single hose is
connected to a nipple on the outside of the rear wiper
motor output shaft bezel. The hose is routed through
a plastic trough-like guard snapped to the underside
of the rear wiper arm. The hose is then attached to
the single rear washer nozzle. The nozzle snaps into
place on the rear wiper arm.
The rear washer nozzle cannot be adjusted. The
nozzle, bezel, check valve, and hose fittings cannot be
repaired and, if faulty or damaged, they must be
replaced.
WASHER FLUID LEVEL SENSOR
The washer fluid level sensor is mounted near the
front of the washer reservoir, above the two washer
pumps. A barbed nipple on the sensor is press-fit into
a rubber grommet seal installed in a hole in the front
of the reservoir.
When the fluid level in the reservoir falls below
the pivoting float on the sensor, the float changes
position and closes the internal switch contacts of the
sensor. Refer to Group 8E - Instrument Panel Sys-
tems for diagnosis of the low washer fluid warning
lamp and circuit, including the sensor.
The washer fluid level sensor cannot be repaired. If
faulty or damaged, the sensor unit must be replaced.
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING
WIPER SYSTEM
FRONT
For
circuit
descriptions
and
diagrams,
refer
to
8W-53 - Wipers in Group 8W - Wiring Diagrams.
WARNING: ON VEHICLES EQUIPPED WITH AIR-
BAGS, REFER TO GROUP 8M - PASSIVE
RESTRAINT SYSTEMS BEFORE ATTEMPTING ANY
STEERING WHEEL, STEERING COLUMN, OR
INSTRUMENT PANEL COMPONENT DIAGNOSIS OR
SERVICE. FAILURE TO TAKE THE PROPER PRE-
CAUTIONS COULD RESULT IN ACCIDENTAL AIR-
BAG
WASHER NOZZLE AND PLUMBING
FRONT
Pressurized washer fluid is fed through a single
hose, attached to a barbed nipple on the front washer
pump. The hose is routed to a tee fitting located in
the cowl plenum area, beneath the cowl plenum cov-
er/grille panel. Hoses from the tee fitting are routed
to the two nozzles, which are riveted into openings in
the cowl plenum cover/grille panel below the wind-
shield.
The two fluidic washer nozzles are not adjustable.
The nozzles and hose fittings cannot be repaired and,
if faulty or damaged, they must be replaced.
DEPLOYMENT
AND
POSSIBLE
PERSONAL
INJURY.
(1) Check the circuit breaker in the junction block.
If OK, go to Step 2. If not OK, replace the faulty cir-
cuit breaker.
(2) Disconnect and isolate the battery negative
cable. Unplug the windshield wiper switch wire har-
ness connector. Connect the battery negative cable.
Turn the ignition switch to the On position. Check
for battery voltage at the fused ignition switch out-
put (run/acc) circuit cavity of the wiper switch wire
harness connector. If OK, go to Step 3. If not OK,
repair
REAR
Pressurized washer fluid is fed through a single
hose, attached to a barbed nipple on the rear washer
pump. The hose is routed from the front of the vehi-
cle to the liftgate with the body wire harness.
the
open
circuit
to
the
junction
block
as
required.
(3) If the problem being diagnosed involves only
the pulse wipe, wipe-after-wash, or intermittent wipe
modes, go to Step 4. If not, go to Step 5.
XJ
WIPER AND WASHER SYSTEMS
8K - 5
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING (Continued)
(4) Turn the ignition switch to the Off position.
Disconnect and isolate the battery negative cable.
Check for continuity between the ground circuit cav-
ity of the wiper switch wire harness connector and a
good ground. There should be continuity. If OK,
replace the faulty switch. If not OK, repair the open
circuit to ground as required.
(5) Turn the ignition switch to the Off position.
Disconnect and isolate the battery negative cable.
Remove the windshield wiper and washer switch and
check the switch continuity. See Wiper Switch and
Washer Switch in the Diagnosis and Testing section
of this group for the procedures. If OK, go to Step 6.
If not OK, replace the faulty switch.
(6) Unplug the windshield wiper motor wire har-
ness connector. Check for continuity between the
ground circuit cavity in the body half of the wiper
motor wire harness connector and a good ground.
There should be continuity. If OK, go to Step 7. If not
OK, repair the open circuit to ground as required.
(7) Connect the battery negative cable. Turn the
ignition switch to the On position. Check for battery
voltage at the fused ignition switch output (run/acc)
circuit cavity in the body half of the wiper motor wire
harness connector. If OK, go to Step 8. If not OK,
repair
STEERING WHEEL, STEERING COLUMN, OR
INSTRUMENT PANEL COMPONENT DIAGNOSIS OR
SERVICE. FAILURE TO TAKE THE PROPER PRE-
CAUTIONS COULD RESULT IN ACCIDENTAL AIR-
BAG
DEPLOYMENT
AND
POSSIBLE
PERSONAL
INJURY.
(1) Check the fuse in the junction block. If OK, go
to Step 2. If not OK, repair the shorted circuit or
component as required and replace the faulty fuse.
(2) Disconnect and isolate the battery negative
cable. Remove the accessory switch bezel and unplug
the wire harness connector from the rear wiper and
washer switch. Connect the battery negative cable.
Turn the ignition switch to the On position. Check
for battery voltage at the fused ignition switch out-
put circuit cavity of the rear wiper and washer
switch wire harness connector. If OK, go to Step 3. If
not OK, repair the open circuit to the junction block
as required.
(3) Turn the ignition switch to the Off position.
Disconnect and isolate the battery negative cable.
Check for continuity between the ground circuit cav-
ity of the rear wiper and washer switch wire harness
connector and a good ground. There should be conti-
nuity. If OK, go to Step 4. If not OK, repair the open
circuit to ground as required.
(4) Test the rear wiper and washer switch continu-
ity. See Wiper Switch and Washer Switch in the
Diagnosis and Testing section of this group for the
procedures. If OK, go to Step 5. If not OK, replace
the faulty switch.
(5) Remove the liftgate trim panel and unplug the
rear wiper motor wire harness connector. Connect
the battery negative cable. Turn the ignition switch
to the On position. Check for battery voltage at the
fused ignition switch output (run) circuit cavity of
the rear wiper motor wire harness connector. If OK,
go to Step 6. If not OK, repair the open circuit to the
junction block as required.
(6) Turn the ignition switch to the Off position.
Disconnect and isolate the battery negative cable.
Check for continuity between the ground circuit cav-
ity of the rear wiper motor wire harness connector
and a good ground. There should be continuity. If
OK, go to Step 7. If not OK, repair the open circuit to
ground as required.
(7) Check for continuity between the rear wiper
motor control circuit cavity of the rear wiper motor
wire harness connector and a good ground. There
should be no continuity. If OK, go to Step 8. If not
OK, repair the short circuit as required.
(8) Check for continuity between the rear wiper
motor control circuit cavities of the rear wiper motor
wire harness connector and the rear wiper and
washer switch wire harness connector. There should
the
open
circuit
to
the
junction
block
as
required.
(8) Turn the ignition switch to the Off position.
Disconnect and isolate the battery negative cable.
With the windshield wiper and washer switch wire
harness connector still unplugged, check the cavities
for each of the following circuits in the body half of
the wiper motor wire harness connector for continu-
ity to ground. In each case, there should be no conti-
nuity. If OK, go to Step 9. If not OK, repair the short
circuit as required.
²
Wiper park switch sense
²
Wiper switch low speed output
Wiper switch high speed output.
(9) Check for continuity between the cavities in
the body half of the wiper motor wire harness con-
nector and the cavities in the windshield wiper and
washer switch wire harness connector for each of the
following circuits. In each case, there should be con-
tinuity. If OK, replace the faulty wiper motor. If not
OK, repair the open circuit as required.
²
²
Wiper park switch sense
²
Wiper switch low speed output
²
Wiper switch high speed output.
REAR
For
circuit
descriptions
and
diagrams,
refer
to
8W-53 - Wipers in Group 8W - Wiring Diagrams.
WARNING: ON VEHICLES EQUIPPED WITH AIR-
BAGS, REFER TO GROUP 8M - PASSIVE
RESTRAINT SYSTEMS BEFORE ATTEMPTING ANY

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