dg.pdf

Developer’s Guide

Borland ®

C ++ Builder ™ 6

for Windows ®

Borland Software Corporation

100 Enterprise Way, Scotts Valley, CA 95066-3249

Refer to the DEPLOY document located in the root directory of your C++Builder product for a complete list of files

that you can distribute in accordance with the C++Builder License Statement and Limited Warranty.

Borland Software Corporation may have patents and/or pending patent applications covering subject matter in this

document. Please refer to the product CD or the About dialog box for the list of applicable patents. The furnishing of

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All other marks are the property of their respective owners.

Printed in the U.S.A.

CPE1360WW21001 6E4R0102

02030405-9 8 7654321

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Contents

Chapter 1

Introduction 1-1

What’s in this manual? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

Manual conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3

Developer support services . . . . . . . . . . 1-3

Ordering printed documentation. . . . . . . 1-3

Specifying the stream position and size. . . . 4-3

Seeking to a specific position . . . . . . . . 4-4

Using Position and Size properties . . . . 4-4

Working with files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4

Approaches to file I/O . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5

Using file streams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5

Creating and opening files using

file streams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6

Using the file handle . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6

Manipulating files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7

Deleting a file. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7

Finding a file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7

Renaming a file. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9

File date-time routines . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9

Copying a file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9

Working with ini files and the system

Registry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10

Using TIniFile and TMemIniFile . . . . . 4-10

Using TRegistryIniFile . . . . . . . . . . 4-11

Using TRegistry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12

Working with lists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12

Common list operations . . . . . . . . . . . 4-13

Adding list items. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-13

Deleting list items . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-14

Accessing list items . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-14

Rearranging list items . . . . . . . . . . . 4-14

Persistent lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-14

Working with string lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-15

Loading and saving string lists . . . . . . . 4-15

Creating a new string list . . . . . . . . . . . 4-16

Short-term string lists . . . . . . . . . . . 4-16

Long-term string lists . . . . . . . . . . . 4-16

Manipulating strings in a list. . . . . . . . . 4-17

Counting the strings in a list . . . . . . . 4-18

Accessing a particular string . . . . . . . 4-18

Locating items in a string list . . . . . . . 4-18

Iterating through strings in a list . . . . . 4-18

Adding a string to a list . . . . . . . . . . 4-18

Moving a string within a list . . . . . . . 4-18

Deleting a string from a list . . . . . . . . 4-19

Associating objects with a string

list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-19

Working with strings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-19

Wide character routines. . . . . . . . . . . . 4-20

Commonly used routines for

AnsiStrings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-21

Part I

Programming with C++Builder

Chapter 2

Developing applications with

C++Builder 2-1

Integrated development environment . . . . . . 2-1

Designing applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2

Creating projects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3

Editing code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3

Compiling applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4

Debugging applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4

Deploying applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5

Chapter 3

Using the class libraries 3-1

Understanding the class libraries . . . . . . . . 3-1

Properties, methods, and events . . . . . . . 3-2

Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2

Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3

Events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3

User events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3

System events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3

Objects, components, and controls . . . . . . . . 3-4

TObject branch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5

TPersistent branch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6

TComponent branch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7

TControl branch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8

TWinControl/TWidgetControl branch . . . 3-9

Chapter 4

Using BaseCLX 4-1

Using streams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2

Using streams to read or write data . . . . . 4-2

Stream methods for reading and

writing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2

Reading and writing components. . . . . 4-3

Copying data from one stream to another . . 4-3

Commonly used routines for

null-terminated strings. . . . . . . . . . . . 4-23

Printing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-25

Converting measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-25

Performing conversions . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-26

Performing simple conversions . . . . . . 4-26

Performing complex conversions . . . . . 4-26

Adding new measurement types . . . . . . . 4-26

Creating a simple conversion family

and adding units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-27

Declare variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-27

Use the new units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-28

Using a conversion function . . . . . . . . . 4-28

Declare variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-28

Write methods to convert to and

from the base unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-29

Use the new units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-29

Using a class to manage conversions. . . . . 4-30

Creating the conversion class . . . . . . . 4-30

Declare variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-31

the other units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-31

Use the new units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-32

Creating drawing spaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-33

Associating menu events with event

handlers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5

Deleting event handlers . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6

Cross-platform and non-cross-platform

components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6

Adding custom components to the

Component palette . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8

Chapter 6

Working with controls 6-1

Implementing drag and drop in controls. . . . . 6-1

Starting a drag operation . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1

Accepting dragged items . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2

Dropping items . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2

Ending a drag operation . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3

Customizing drag and drop with a

drag object . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3

Changing the drag mouse pointer. . . . . . . 6-4

Implementing drag and dock in controls. . . . . 6-4

Making a windowed control a docking

site . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4

Making a control a dockable child. . . . . . . 6-4

Controlling how child controls are

docked . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5

Controlling how child controls are

undocked . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6

Controlling how child controls respond

to drag-and-dock operations . . . . . . . . . 6-6

Working with text in controls . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6

Setting text alignment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-7

Adding scroll bars at runtime . . . . . . . . . 6-7

Adding the clipboard object . . . . . . . . . . 6-8

Selecting text . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8

Selecting all text . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8

Cutting, copying, and pasting text . . . . . . 6-9

Deleting selected text . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-9

Disabling menu items. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-9

Providing a pop-up menu . . . . . . . . . . 6-10

Handling the OnPopup event . . . . . . . . 6-10

Adding graphics to controls . . . . . . . . . . . 6-11

Indicating that a control is owner-

drawn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-11

Adding graphical objects to a string

list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-12

Adding images to an application . . . . 6-12

Adding images to a string list . . . . . . 6-12

Drawing owner-drawn items. . . . . . . 6-13

Sizing owner-draw items . . . . . . . . . . . 6-14

Drawing owner-draw items . . . . . . . . . 6-14

Chapter 5

Working with components 5-1

Setting component properties . . . . . . . . . . 5-2

Setting properties at design time . . . . . . . 5-2

Using property editors . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2

Setting properties at runtime . . . . . . . . . 5-3

Calling methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3

Working with events and event

handlers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3

Generating a new event handler . . . . . . . 5-4

Generating a handler for a component’s

default event . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4

Locating event handlers . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4

Associating an event with an existing

event handler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4

Using the Sender parameter . . . . . . . . 5-5

Displaying and coding shared

events. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5

Chapter 7

Building applications, components,

and libraries 7-1

Creating applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1

GUI applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1

User interface models . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2

SDI applications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2

MDI applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2

Setting IDE, project, and compilation

options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3

Programming templates . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3

Console applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-4

Using the VCL and CLX in console

applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-4

Service applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-4

Service threads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-7

Service name properties . . . . . . . . . . 7-8

Debugging service applications . . . . . . 7-9

Creating packages and DLLs . . . . . . . . . . . 7-10

When to use packages and DLLs . . . . . . . 7-11

Using DLLs in C++Builder . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-11

Creating DLLs in C++Builder . . . . . . . . . . 7-11

Creating DLLs containing VCL and CLX

components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-12

Linking DLLs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-15

Writing database applications . . . . . . . . . . 7-15

Distributing database applications . . . . . . 7-16

Creating Web server applications . . . . . . . . 7-16

Using Web Broker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-17

Creating WebSnap applications. . . . . . . . 7-18

Using InternetExpress . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-18

Creating Web Services applications . . . . . 7-18

Writing applications using COM. . . . . . . . . 7-19

Using COM and DCOM . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-19

Using MTS and COM+ . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-19

Using data modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-20

Creating and editing standard

data modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-20

Naming a data module and its

unit file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-21

Placing and naming components . . . . . 7-22

Using component properties and

events in a data module . . . . . . . . . 7-22

Creating business rules in a data

module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-23

Accessing a data module from a form . . . . 7-23

Adding a remote data module to an

application server project . . . . . . . . . . 7-23

Using the Object Repository . . . . . . . . . . . 7-24

Sharing items within a project . . . . . . . . 7-24

Adding items to the Object Repository . . . 7-24

Sharing objects in a team

environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-24

Using an Object Repository item in

a project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-25

Copying an item . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-25

Inheriting an item . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-25

Using an item. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-25

Using project templates. . . . . . . . . . . . 7-25

Modifying shared items . . . . . . . . . . . 7-26

Specifying a default project, new form,

and main form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-26

Enabling Help in applications . . . . . . . . . . 7-26

Help system interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-27

Implementing ICustomHelpViewer. . . . . 7-28

Communicating with the Help

Manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-28

Asking the Help Manager for

information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-28

Displaying keyword-based Help . . . . . . 7-29

Displaying tables of contents. . . . . . . . . 7-30

Implementing IExtendedHelp

Viewer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-30

Implementing IHelpSelector . . . . . . . . . 7-31

Registering Help system objects . . . . . . . 7-32

Registering Help viewers . . . . . . . . . 7-32

Registering Help selectors . . . . . . . . 7-32

Using Help in a VCL Application . . . . . . . . 7-33

How TApplication processes VCL

Help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-33

How VCL controls process Help. . . . . . . 7-33

Using Help in a CLX Application . . . . . . . . 7-34

How TApplication processes CLX

Help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-34

How CLX controls process Help. . . . . . . 7-34

Calling a Help system directly . . . . . . . . . 7-35

Using IHelpSystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-35

Customizing the IDE Help system . . . . . . . 7-35

Chapter 8

Developing the application user

interface 8-1

Controlling application behavior . . . . . . . . . 8-1

Working at the application level . . . . . . . . 8-2

Handling the screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2

Setting up forms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2

Using the main form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2

Hiding the main form. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3

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