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M Y F IRST B RITANNICA

People in History

C HICAGO L ONDON N EW D ELHI P ARIS S EOUL S YDNEY T AIPEI T OKYO

International Standard Book Number:978-1-59339-476-9 (set)

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My First Britannica:

Volume 4: People in History 2008

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People in History

TABLE OF CONTENTS

I NTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Creators

Isabel Allende: The Letter Writer’s Stories . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Count Basie: An Aristocrat of Jazz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Charles Dickens: Writer of Life-Changing Stories . . . . . . . 10

Fanny Elssler: Theatrical Ballerina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Francisco de Goya:

Painter to the King and to the People . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart: A Life Filled with Music . . . . 16

I.M. Pei: Grand Architect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Pablo Picasso: Exploring with an Artist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

William Shakespeare: Plays That Never Grow Old . . . . . . 22

Socrates: Teaching People to Think . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Joan Sutherland: Australia’s Golden Voice . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Mark Twain: The Writer and the Mississippi River . . . . . 28

Leaders and Conquerors

Yasir Arafat: Leader of the Palestinians . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Ashoka: The Emperor and the Right Way of Living . . . . . 32

Menachem Begin: Struggling for Israel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Julius Caesar:

Rome’s Remarkable General and Statesman . . . . . . . . 36

Fidel Castro: The Man Who Changed Cuba . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

Charlemagne: The Father of Europe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

Cleopatra: Queen of Egypt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Elizabeth I: A Clever, Courageous Queen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

Empress of China: The Dragon Empress . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

Hirohito: Emperor of Japan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

Mohammed Ali Jinnah: Founder of Pakistan . . . . . . . . . . 50

Nelson Mandela: A Fighter for Rights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

Mao Zedong: Architect of Modern China . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

Golda Meir: Israel’s First Woman Prime Minister . . . . . . 56

Anwar el-Sadat: Egypt’s Man of Peace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

U Thant: World Peacemaker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

Vikings: Men in Dragon Ships . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Scientists and Doctors

Elizabeth Blackwell: The First Modern Woman Doctor . . . 64

Luther Burbank: Inventing New Plants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

Nicolaus Copernicus: Student of the Sky . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

Marie Curie: Discovering a New Kind of Science . . . . . . . . 70

Charles Darwin: The Theory of Evolution . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

Albert Einstein: A Brilliant Wonderer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

Galileo Galilei: The Man Who Discovered Outer Space . . . 76

Jane Goodall:

The Woman Who Lived with Chimpanzees . . . . . . . . . . 78

Johannes Kepler: Stargazer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

Sir Isaac Newton: An Apple, an Idea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

Louis Pasteur: The Man Who Conquered Disease . . . . . . . 84

Extraordinary Lives

American Indians: The First Native North Americans . . . 86

Simón Bolívar: Hero of Many Nations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

Anne Frank: A Young Girl and Her Diary . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90

Cathy Freeman: Gold Medalist in Track . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

Mahatma Gandhi: Salt and Empires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94

Helen Keller: Woman of Courage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96

Martin Luther King, Jr.: Civil Rights Leader . . . . . . . . . . . 98

Ferdinand Magellan: Around-the-World Voyager . . . . . . 100

Mayan Civilization:

Writers, Mathematicians, and Architects . . . . . . . . . . 102

Pelé: Football Star . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104

Mother Teresa: Mother of the Poor and Dying . . . . . . . . . 106

Tenzing Norgay: On Top of the World . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108

G LOSSARY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110

I NDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111

Egyptian relief of Cleopatra VII

Cover photos (top): illuminated manuscript showing Charlemagne meeting Pope Adrian I, © Archivo Iconografico, S.A./Corbis; (center): Nelson Mandela, © David

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