Grzimek Animal Life Encyclopedia Volume 12 Mammals I.pdf

Grzimek’s

Animal Life Encyclopedia

Second Edition

●●●●

Grzimek’s

Animal Life Encyclopedia

Second Edition

●●●●

Volume 12

Mammals I

Devra G. Kleiman, Advisory Editor

Valerius Geist, Advisory Editor

Melissa C. McDade, Project Editor

Joseph E. Trumpey, Chief Scientific Illustrator

Michael Hutchins, Series Editor

In association with the American Zoo and Aquarium Association

Grzimek’s Animal Life Encyclopedia, Second Edition

Volume 12: Mammals I

Project Editor

Melissa C. McDade

Editorial

Stacey Blachford, Deirdre S. Blanchfield,

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Kretschmann, Mark Springer, Ryan Thomason

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Cover photo of numbat ( Myrmecobius

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ISBN 0-7876-5362-4 (vols. 1–17 set)

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LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOGING-IN-PUBLICATION DATA

Grzimek, Bernhard.

[Tierleben. English]

Grzimek’s animal life encyclopedia.— 2nd ed.

v. cm.

Includes bibliographical references.

Contents: v. 1. Lower metazoans and lesser deuterosomes / Neil Schlager,

editor — v. 2. Protostomes / Neil Schlager, editor — v. 3. Insects /

Neil Schlager, editor — v. 4-5. Fishes I-II / Neil Schlager, editor —

v. 6. Amphibians / Neil Schlager, editor — v. 7. Reptiles / Neil

Schlager, editor — v. 8-11. Birds I-IV / Donna Olendorf, editor — v.

12-16. Mammals I-V / Melissa C. McDade, editor — v. 17. Cumulative index /

Melissa C. McDade, editor.

ISBN 0-7876-5362-4 (set hardcover : alk. paper)

1. Zoology—Encyclopedias. I. Title: Animal life encyclopedia. II.

Schlager, Neil, 1966- III. Olendorf, Donna IV. McDade, Melissa C. V. American Zoo

and Aquarium Association. VI. Title.

QL7 .G7813 2004

590’.3—dc21

2002003351

Printed in Canada

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

Recommended citation: Grzimek’s Animal Life Encyclopedia, 2nd edition. Volumes 12–16, Mammals I–V, edited by Michael

Hutchins, Devra G. Kleiman, Valerius Geist, and Melissa C. McDade. Farmington Hills, MI: Gale Group, 2003.

• • • • •

Contents

Foreword ............................................................................ ix

How to use this book ........................................................ xii

Advisory boards.................................................................. xiv

Contributing writers .......................................................... xvi

Contributing illustrators.................................................... xx

Order PAUCITUBERCULATA

Shrew opossums

Family: Shrew opossums ............................................ 267

Order MICROBIOTHERIA

Monitos del monte

Family: Monitos del monte ........................................ 273

Volume 12: Mammals I

What is a mammal? ........................................................... 3

Ice Age giants..................................................................... 17

Contributions of molecular genetics to

phylogenetics...................................................................... 26

Structure and function....................................................... 36

Adaptations for flight......................................................... 52

Adaptations for aquatic life ............................................... 62

Adaptations for subterranean life ...................................... 69

Sensory systems, including echolocation.......................... 79

Life history and reproduction ........................................... 89

Reproductive processes...................................................... 101

Ecology............................................................................... 113

Nutritional adaptations...................................................... 120

Distribution and biogeography ......................................... 129

Behavior.............................................................................. 140

Cognition and intelligence ................................................ 149

Migration............................................................................ 164

Mammals and humans: Domestication and

commensals ........................................................................ 171

Mammals and humans: Mammalian invasives and

pests .................................................................................... 182

Mammals and humans: Field techniques for studying

mammals............................................................................. 194

Mammals and humans: Mammals in zoos........................ 203

Conservation ...................................................................... 213

Order DASYUROMORPHIA

Australasian carnivorous marsupials.................................. 277

Family: Marsupial mice and cats, Tasmanian

devil.............................................................................. 287

Family: Numbat .......................................................... 303

Family: Tasmanian wolves ......................................... 307

For further reading ............................................................ 311

Organizations ..................................................................... 316

Contributors to the first edition ....................................... 318

Glossary .............................................................................. 325

Mammals species list ......................................................... 330

Geologic time scale............................................................ 364

Index ................................................................................... 365

Volume 13: Mammals II

Order PERAMELEMORPHIA

Bandicoots and bilbies ....................................................... 1

Family: Bandicoots...................................................... 9

Subfamily: Bilbies........................................................ 19

Order NOTORYCTEMORPHIA

Marsupial moles

Family: Marsupial moles............................................. 25

Order DIPROTODONTIA

Koala, wombats, possums, wallabies, and kangaroos ....... 31

Family: Koalas ............................................................. 43

Family: Wombats........................................................ 51

Family: Possums and cuscuses.................................... 57

Family: Musky rat-kangaroos ..................................... 69

Family: Rat-kangaroos ................................................ 73

Family: Wallabies and kangaroos............................... 83

Family: Pygmy possums ............................................. 105

Family: Ringtail and greater gliding possums ........... 113

Family: Gliding and striped possums ........................ 125

Order MONOTREMATA

Monotremes ....................................................................... 227

Family: Echidnas......................................................... 235

Family: Duck-billed platypus ..................................... 243

Order DIDELPHIMORPHIA

New World opossums

Family: New World opossums................................... 249

Grzimek’s Animal Life Encyclopedia

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