D&D 4.0 Dungeon Masters Guide.pdf

D ungeon M aster ’ s G uide ®

ROLEPLAYING GAME CORE RULES

James Wyatt

CREDITS

D&D ® 4th Edition Design Team

Rob Heinsoo, Andy Collins, James Wyatt

Graphic Designers

Keven Smith, Leon Cortez, Emi Tanji

D&D 4th Edition Final Development Strike Team

Bill Slavicsek, Mike Mearls, James Wyatt

Additional Graphic Design

Karin Powell, Mari Kolkowski, Shauna Wolf Narciso,

Ryan Sansaver

Dungeon Master’s Guide Design

James Wyatt

Concept Artists

Rob Alexander, Dave Allsop, Christopher Burdett,

Adam Gillespie, Lars Grant-West, David Griffith, Lee Moyer,

William O’Connor

Dungeon Master’s Guide Development

Andy Collins, Mike Mearls, Stephen Radney-MacFarland,

Peter Schaefer, Stephen Schubert

Interior Illustrations

Rob Alexander, Steve Argyle, Wayne England, Jason

Engle, David Griffith, Espen Grundetjern, Brian Hagan,

Ralph Horsley, Howard Lyon, Lee Moyer, William O’Connor,

Wayne Reynolds, Dan Scott, Ron Spears, Chris Stevens,

Anne Stokes, Eva Widermann

Dungeon Master’s Guide Editing

Michele Carter, Jennifer Clarke Wilkes, Julia Martin

Dungeon Master’s Guide Managing Editing

Kim Mohan

Additional Design and Development

Richard Baker, Greg Bilsland, Logan Bonner, Bart Carroll,

Michele Carter, Jennifer Clarke Wilkes, Bruce R. Cordell,

Jeremy Crawford, Jesse Decker, Michael Donais, Robert

Gutschera, Gwendolyn F. M. Kestrel, Peter Lee, Julia Martin,

Kim Mohan, David Noonan, Christopher Perkins,

Matthew Sernett, Chris Sims, Ed Stark, Rodney Thompson,

Rob Watkins, Steve Winter, Chris Youngs

Cartography

Mike Schley

D&D Brand Team

Liz Schuh, Scott Rouse, Sara Girard, Kierin Chase,

Martin Durham, Linae Foster

Publishing Production Specialists

Angelika Lokotz, Erin Dorries, Moriah Scholz,

Christopher Tardiff

Director of R&D, Roleplaying Games/Book Publishing

Bill Slavicsek

Prepress Manager

Jefferson Dunlap

D&D Story Design and Development Manager

Christopher Perkins

Imaging Technicians

Travis Adams, Bob Jordan, Sven Bolen

D&D System Design and Development Manager

Andy Collins

Production Manager

Cynda Callaway

D&D Senior Art Director

Stacy Longstreet

Building on the Design of Previous Editions by

E. Gary Gygax , Dave Arneson (1st Edition and earlier);

David “Zeb” Cook (2nd Edition); Jonathan Tweet , Monte Cook ,

Skip Williams , Richard Baker , Peter Adkison (3rd Edition)

Cover Illustration

Wayne Reynolds (front), Brian Hagan (back)

Special Thanks to Brandon Daggerhart, keeper of Shadowfell

Dedicated to the memory of E. Gary Gygax

620-21750720-001 EN

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First Printing: June 2008

ISBN: 978-0-7869-4880-2

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CONTENTS

1: HOW TO BE A DM . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

The Gaming Group................ 6

The Players ....................... 8

The Dungeon Master ............. 12

Table Rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Outdoor Terrain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

Light Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

Vision and Special Senses.......67

Sample Fantastic Terrain . . . . . . . 67

9: THE WORLD .................148

The D&D World . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150

Civilization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152

Mapping a Settlement.........154

Teleportation Circles ..........156

The Wild.......................158

Weather . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158

Environmental Dangers . . . . . . . 158

Starvation, Thirst,

and Sufocation.............159

The Planes......................160

The Gods.......................162

Artifacts........................164

The Axe of the

Dwarvish Lords.............165

The Eye of Vecna..............167

The Hand of Vecna............168

The Invulnerable

Coat of Arnd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170

Languages ......................171

5: NONCOMBAT ENCOUNTERS 70

Skill Challenges ..................72

Running a Skill Challenge....... 74

Opposed Checks............... 74

Interrupting a Skill Challenge . . . 75

Sample Skill Challenges . . . . . . . . 76

Puzzles..........................81

Using Puzzles..................81

Designing Puzzles..............82

Traps and Hazards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

Using Traps and Hazards........87

Sample Traps and Hazards......87

2: RUNNING THE GAME . . . . . . . . 16

Preparing........................ 18

Getting Started . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Chronicling a Game . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Modes of the Game . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Narration........................22

Pacing...........................24

Props . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Dispensing Information...........26

Passive Skill Checks............26

Informing Players . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Rituals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Improvising......................28

Ending . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Troubleshooting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Teaching the Game...............33

6: ADVENTURES .................94

Published Adventures . . . . . . . . . . . . 96

Fixing Problems..................98

Building an Adventure...........100

Quests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102

Encounter Mix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104

Adventure Setting...............106

Setting Personality ............108

Setting Details................110

Furnishings and Features . . . . . . 111

Mapping the Site..............112

Outdoor Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114

Event-Based Adventures.......115

Cast of Characters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116

Allies as Extra Characters......116

10: THE DM’S TOOLBOX . . . . . . . 172

Customizing Monsters...........174

Increasing or

Decreasing Level............174

Adding Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . 174

Templates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175

Functional Templates..........176

Class Templates...............182

Creating Monsters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184

Monster Design Steps . . . . . . . . . 184

Elite and Solo Monsters........184

Creating NPCs ..................186

NPC Design Steps.............187

Level Bonus and

Magic Threshold ............187

Creating House Rules............189

Rules Design 101 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189

Example House Rules . . . . . . . . . 189

Fumble . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189

Critical Success and Failure . . 189

Random Dungeons..............190

Random Encounters.............193

3: COMBAT ENCOUNTERS . . . . . 34

Combat Fundamentals . . . . . . . . . . . 36

Monster Readiness .............36

Surprise .......................36

Roll Initiative!..................38

Running Combat...............40

When Is an Encounter Over?.... 41

After an Encounter............. 41

Additional Rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Actions the Rules Don’t Cover . . 42

Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

Forced Movement and Terrain . . 44

Aquatic Combat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

Mounted Combat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

Flying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

Poison . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

7: REWARDS ....................118

Experience Points ...............120

Quests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122

Milestones......................123

Treasure........................124

Monetary Treasure ............124

Gems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124

Art Objects...................124

Magic Items . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125

Awarding Treasure ............125

Treasure Parcels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126

4: BUILDING ENCOUNTERS ....52

Monster Roles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

Encounter Components . . . . . . . . . . 56

Encounter Level................56

Target XP Reward..............57

Encounter Templates .............58

Battleield Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Commander and Troops ........58

Dragon’s Den ..................58

Double Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Wolf Pack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Encounter Settings ...............60

Terrain Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

Terrain and Roles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Sample Mundane Terrain .......64

11: FALLCREST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196

The Town of Fallcrest............198

The Nentir Vale .................206

Involving the Players . . . . . . . . . . . . 209

Kobold Hall.....................210

8: CAMPAIGNS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130

Published Campaigns . . . . . . . . . . . 132

Campaign Theme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134

Super Adventures ...............138

Campaign Story.................140

Beginning a Campaign...........142

Starting at Higher Level........143

Running a Campaign . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 4

Tiers of Play . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146

Ending a Campaign..............147

COMBAT CARDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220

INDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221

BATTLE GRIDS .................222

CHAPTeR 1

1 Most games have a winner and a loser, but

the Dungeons & Dragons Roleplaying Game is

fundamentally a cooperative game. The Dungeon

Master (DM) plays the roles of the antagonists in the

adventure, but the DM isn’t playing against the player

characters (PCs). Although the DM represents all the

PCs’ opponents and adversaries—monsters, nonplayer

characters (NPCs), traps, and the like—he or she

doesn’t want the player characters to fail any more

than the other players do. The players all cooperate

to achieve success for their characters. The DM’s goal

is to make success taste its sweetest by presenting

challenges that are just hard enough that the other

players have to work to overcome them, but not so

hard that they leave all the characters dead.

At the table, having fun is the most important

goal—more important than the characters’ success

in an adventure. It’s just as vital for everyone at the

table to cooperate toward making the game fun for

everyone as it is for the player characters to cooperate

within the adventure.

This chapter includes the following sections.

✦ The Gaming Group: Here you learn what

components you need to play the D&D game.

✦ The Players: Understand your players, help

them to assemble as a successful party of player

characters, and run a game they want to play.

✦ The Dungeon Master: Understand the role of a

DM in the game and what kind of game you want

to make.

✦ Table Rules: Consider table rules you should

agree on—guidelines for you and the players’

behavior during the game.

CHAPTeR 1 | How to Be a DM

HOW TO BE A DM

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